Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz (* 29 November 1874 in Avanca, Estarreja, Portugal; "† 13 December 1955 in Lisbon, Portugal) was a Portuguese neurologist and politician. 1949 for physiology or medicine.

Was from 1909 to 1944 Egas Moniz professor at the University of Lisbon.

1917 he was a Portuguese Ambassador in Spain.

From 1918 to 1919 he was a Portuguese minister of foreign affairs and led the Portuguese delegation with that Paris conference of peace.

It developed 1928 the Arteriographie of the cerebral vessels at living humans. In addition it injected radioactive contrast means into the blood of the patients around then the brain to photograph and on the basis the pictures Tumore find.

Egas Moniz was the founder of the Psychochirurgie. 1935 accomplished Moniz at a patient with incurable brain damage the first Leukotomie, also Lobotomie mentioned. The nerve courses in the front brain region become split. By the disputed procedure could be healed patient by their illusion conceptions.

it wrote the book the cerebrale Arteriographie and phlebography to 1940.

Egas Moniz received 1949 together with walter Rudolf Hess for the discovery of the functional organization of the Zwischenhirns for the co-ordination of the activity of internal organs the Nobelpreis for physiology or medicine.

At the age of 65 Moniz of a patient with schizophrenia angeschossen and at the spinal column was hurt (after unconfirmed source:

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