The arnica (Arnica montana), also mountain well-being rental business mentioned, belongs to the family of the basket bloom plants (Asteraceae).

Arnica stands under nature protection.

Description

The aromatically smelling, krautige plant of several years becomes about 20 to 60 cm highly and possesses a St¤ngel. This is also to three against-constant pairs of sheets. This is an exception within the The are arranged and egg-shaped in Rosetten to lanzettlich and ganzrandig. The sheets are 4 - until 7-nervig behaart and.

The usually stand-alone orange-yellow bloom conditions get a diameter from approximately 4.5 to 6 cm. They possess dottergelbe tube blooms and vielnervige tongue blooms. The bloom time is from May to August.

Occurrence

Arnica prefers sour and lean meadows and is lime-avoiding. It is to be found from the valley situation at a value of 2800 m NN. The circulation area covers the alps, Pyreneeses up to the Balkans as well as a northern spreading to south Scandinavia and in the Baltic.

Arnica as welfare plant

All parts of the plant are poisonous; among other things arnica contains the poisonous Helenalin, therefore arnica should not be used as self medication internally. Leaves can cause Arnicin skin provoking due to the active substance.

The antique writers was not well-known arnica as welfare plant. The probably earliest mention is with hl. Hildegard of being gene. With plant designated of it as "„Wolfsgelegena the "“it could concern the arnica. End of the Middle Ages was it then a well-known Wundheilpfanze.

Envelopes with Arnikatinktur help with pulling of muscles and chords, with fiber tears and squeezings. fade away by arnica envelopes faster, since the absorption is improved. This effect is to be due to the active substance Helenalin. With to high concentration of arnica Tinktur it can come however to provoking and damages of the skin, an income can even to breath paralysis and heart stop lead.

Arnica blooms contain ethereal oil, Flavonoide and Sesquiterpenlactone of the Helenalintyp, which works and antiseptic. Excerpts from arnica blooms are e.g. used outwardly with blunt injuries, bruises, and verse dipping, superficial inflammations into the mouth and throat area, rheumatism tables complaints and for the treatment from inflammations to insect bites. Due to the partially toxically working contents materials must be advised against an internal application. In particular with longer application or with according to sensitized persons can by arnica skin excursions caused will excerpts from arnica find itself also than additive in tooth-pastes and other cosmetic products.

Arnica was contained in some heart and cycle means. Already Johann Wolfgang von Goethe should be fluttering heart with arnica drops to have calmed down. Modern experimental investigations confirmed the people-medical use with heart weakness. The Flavonoide contained in the arnica increases the blood circulation of the heart wreath/ring containers, whereby it comes to an improved achievement of the heart musculature. However it can come with the internal income with to high dosage to dangerous side effects such as swindles, failure, heartbeat disturbances and muscle tremors, why only to the accurately proportioned finished preparations should be fallen back.

Also in the arnica is used frequently with wounds.

As drug the following components are used:

• Arnica montana blooms (syn. Arnicae flos, Flores Arnicae, Flores Calendulae alpinae, Flores Plantagines montanae, Flores Ptarmicae, Flores Alismae, Flos Arnicae); Arnica blooms (syn. Bergwurzblumen, mountain root flowers, blood flowers, angel flowers, angel herb, Gamsblumen, drop herb flowers, well-being rental business blooms, wolf blooms), the dried, whole or bloom conditions and/or partly disintegrated.
• Arnicae herba (syn. Arnicae folium, Folia Arnicae, Herba Arnicae, Herba Doronicae germanici); Arnica herb (syn. Arnica sheets, angel herb, drop herb, Gamskraut, well-being rental business herb), in May before the bloom collected, dried basicconstant sheets, which come nearly stack-free into the trade.
• Arnicae radix (syn. Arnicae rhizoma, Radix Arnicae, Radix Doronici germanici, Rhizoma Arnicae); Arnica root (syn. Mountain well-being rental business root, Mutterwurz, Stichwurz, well-being rental business root), the dried root stick with the roots.

Arnica in the superstition

Hildegard of being gene may have been one first, which welfare-ends effect of this plant recognized. She attributed however also considerable magic forces to her: If a man or a woman in love becomes if someone affects it or it on the skin with Wolfesgelena (=Arnika), which affected in the love on the other hand burns, and if the herb is dried, then man or woman becomes nearly racing by the dear glow, so that they become unreasonable finally.

The arnica ranks Donnerwurz, wolf banner, Johannisblume among the old charm plants, on which some popular names point, e.g. As bright yellow flowering plant it played a role in former times in the cult of the summer sunning turn. Many of these heidnischen customs changed then into the popular customs. Thus e.g. at the Johannistag, thus 24 for June, the day of the sun turn, collected blooms applied as particularly welfare strong.

The eve of the Johannistags farmers put arnica bunches to the corners of their Getreidefelder. This should hold the "“Bilmesschnitter"” to destroy the grain. This was a and went particularly gladly around the time the summer solstice over the Getreidefelder and surrounded there the stems. This but faith is however probably based on good observation gift, because on arnica plants the arnica fly (Trypeta arnica) puts, a the eggs down.

In some areas arnica ranks also among the flowers, which into the bunch of the at Maria Himmelfahrt, to which 15 August, belonged. Thus arnica ranks among the Marienpflanzen. Possibly it was already in pre-Christian time assigned to the nut/mother goddess Freyja (or Freia).

Characteristics

Arnica was added in former times to the Schnupftabak, because the dried sheets provoked the nose mucous membranes. With Huflattich and king candle blooms arnica was smoked common also as herb tobacco.

Synonyms

Bergdotterblume, mountain well-being rental business, angel herb, drop herb, Johannisblume, force rose, Kraftwurz, St-Luzianskraut, pass root, well-being rental business, Wundkraut, Wolferley, Wolffelei, wolf flower, wolf spell, wolf thistle, Bergwurz, Gemswurz, force root, mountain-way-broadly, blood impulse, monk cap, Christwurz, pass herb, getting caught herb, thunder flower, angel flower, Mitterwurz,

Literature

• Hard TIG Abraham and Inge Thinnes: Witch herb and charm drink. Our welfare plants in legends, superstition and legends. Grab mountain 1995
• Detlef of arene: Sixty native Wildplanzen in alive Cologne 1991
• Manfred Bocksch: The practical book of the welfare plants. Munich
• Gertrud Scherf: Charm plants, witch herbs - magic and myth of domestic wild and cultivated plants. Munich 2002

Related links

• http://www.proArnika.de.tt
• Monographie (commission E, Federal Health Office Berlin)

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