Art heart / Kardiologie - Economy-point.org

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Page modified: Saturday, June 24, 2006 09:16:31

An art heart (artificial heart or heart implant) is inserted into the body by patients with incurable heart illnesses (heart insufficiency). At present this is considered above all if a suitable heart transplant (donor heart) is not available. Some models are to replace thereby the ill heart of the patient completely, who is then removed. Some models work only supporting and the own heart remain in body heart implants differ from external heart lung machines. While the heart lung machine, usually for some hours, while duration is switched on by operations, which function of heart and lung replaces, only in a place into the Blutkreislauf of the patient, must an only on one side not supporting artificial heart both with the body cycle and with the lung cycle be connected. Heart implants can be used against it substantially longer. The record is at present at 17 months.

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Although the heart represents a comparatively simple organ, i.e. a hollow muscle, which functions as pump, the heart implant is considered as a kind of holy Gral of the modern medicine-actually must with the construction of a suitable implant numerous difficulties be overcome. Among other things e.g. durable durability of the mobile parts and suitable, as transportable a power supply as possible must be guaranteed. A drive, that the metabolism of the patient as energy source uses would be desirable, does not exist however yet. The first constructions often led to a damage of the Erythrozyten or to the formation of Thromben (Blutgerinnseln).

As the first useful heart implant the Jarvik-7 von Robert Jarvik, that is considered to the dentist Barney Clark retired of Utah on 2 December 1982 in the university clinic (21 January 1921 - 23. March 1983 was used). The operation was implemented by William DeVries, a son of Dutch immigrants. Clark survived 112 days and suffered several Thrombosen, bervor it died.

To date most successful implantation was implemented on 13 September 2001 in the Jewish hospital in Louisville in the US Federal State Kentucky. The Tom Christerson by the operating surgeons Laman Gray and Dr. Robert Dowling an implant with the designation AbioCor was used, with which he lived 17 months.