The ashes (Fraxinus) are a plant kind in the family of the oil tree plants (Oleaceae). In Europe there is two domestic kinds, the common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and the one well ash (Fraxinus ornus). About 65 kinds occur on the northern hemisphere, predominantly in the moderate zone.

Description

Ashes are leaves-throwing off trees or bushes.

Ashes are recognizable before driving out in the spring from their characteristic including-black sheet buds. The sheets are mostly unmatched pinnated, rarely only simple. They are against-constantly at branches long grown, partially in addition, change-constantly. The number of lamellas varies from kind to kind, and also within a kind.

The blooms of the ashes are zwittrig or also in sexual. They are dusted by insects or the wind. The fruit is a nut with on one side taken off wing.

Use

The wood of many kinds of ash is hard compared to other wood and does not break not easily. It is often used therefore for tool handles. In former times also elbows were usually manufactured from Eschenholz, if no Eibenholz was available. Also different sport devices, for example baseball bat or Snooker queues, are manufactured made of ash. Eschenholz is used also in the music instrument making e.g. for massif wood guitars.

The ash applies among carpenters as the noblest native wood. In the boat building she finds since centuries use for masts, trees and Pinnen.

Eschenholz is considered also as good firewood. Since it is quite expensive however only with difficulty fissile and with good quality, it is hardly used as firewood.

Kinds

The kind of the ashes (Fraxinus) covers about 65 kinds:

• White ash (F. americana)
• ash (F. angustifolia)
• Fraxinus anomala TORR.
• Biltmores ash (F. biltmoreana BEADLE)
• Bunges flower ash (F. bungeana DC)
• Fraxinus cuspidata TORR.
• Common ash (F. excelsior)
• Behaarte ash (F. holotricha KOEHNE)
• Fraxinus lanuginosa KOIDZ.
• Oregon ash (F. latifolia BENTH.)
• Langspitzige ash (F. longicuspis FILTER. et ZUCC.)
• Mandschuri ash (F. mandschurica RUPR.)
• Black ash (F. nigra MARSH.)
• One well ash or flower ash (F. ornus)
• Chinese flower ash (F. paxiana LINGELSH.)
• Red ash or green ash (F. pennsylvanica)
• Breitstielige ash (F. platypoda OLIVE.)
• River ash (F. potamophila HERDER)
• Blue ash (F. quadrangulata MICHX.)
• Bill ash (F. rhynchophylla HANCE)
• Syrian ash (F. syriaca BOISS.)
• Fraxinus tomentosa MICHX.
• Fraxinus velutina TORR.
• Afghan ash (F. xanthoxyloides (G.DON) C)

Other

The ash is also the center of the nordischen mythology, sees also Yggdrasil.

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