With many plants in addition, at the side of the in the shoulders of the sheets regularly plants of new rung (side or shoulder buds form, lat. Gemmae lateral S. of axillares).

Their distribution at the is only due to the sheet position, and the sheet, which carries the bud in its shoulder, is called it carries -, support - or nut/mother sheet.

Only one bud is mostly located in the Blattachsel, but is e.g. direct with Lonicera still or several over the same; one calls these secondary or Beiknospen (Gemmae accessoriae). The shoulder buds cause the normal bypass of the because everyone arises to a new branch; therefore also the position of the branches depends on the sheet position of the nut/mother branch, and therefore trunks, which do not develop side buds, remain also normal (palms, tree ferns). On the other hand regularly the summit bud fails also with some plants, and it takes over those first under it standing side bud, which can be confounded then easily with a true Endknospe, the continuation of the branch.

This particularly occurs with wood plants (lime tree, elm tree, Hainbuche, Haselnuss); with Flieder (Syringa) the summit-budless branch with two against-constant side buds ends.

Actual summit buds have e.g. Oak, Rosskastanie, Pappel, maple (Fig. l), the fruit trees. Depending upon the kind of the branch, to which a bud develops, one differentiates: Sheet buds (Gemmae follipara), if it one only with sheets provided branch become, carrying buds or fruit eyes (Gemmae floripara), if it a bloom-basic branch bring out, finally (Gemmae of florales S. Alabastra), which represent the still unentfaltete bloom.

With all side buds the point of vegetation at the surface of the nut/mother branch develops already in the period, briefly after or nearly at the same time with the plant of the deceit sheet, although the complete Erstarkung of the bud falls into a later age of the branch. The coincidental or Adventivknospen in such a way specified (Gemmae adventitiae) form against it in each case at, often completely old plant parts already developed, are in their position completely irregular, by showing up soon more-absent-minded, soon in large amounts, like particularly at old trunks (stick excursion), and then always develop inside in the Kambiumschicht, so that they break through thus the crust. They arise also at to the highest, horizontal walking the roots at the and cause then a root excursion (Pappeln, sour cherries and also with some krautigen plants, like Taraxacum, goose thistles (Sonchus) among other things); sometimes even on sheets they develop, if the same are particularly put into damp earth, as among other things with the begonias, for the hyacinth sheets, or also on not replaced sheets, like with Cardamine.

At each bud one differentiates the bud axle, i.e. the still completely shortened and to these sitting, still closely one on the other lying sheet organs. With the winter buds of our wood plants the latters are usually from more or less leather-like condition and often dark color. They cover usually the bud completely and grant to the more tender, internal parts a protection against the influences of the winter weather (budding corners, Tegumenta; Bud shed, Squamae S. Perulae); inward they change into the shape and the training gradually into the which are already put on in the bud. Buds, which do not possess budding corners and only are covered by the outermost are called naked (Gemma nuda), e.g. with the blood-red hard latch plate (Cornus sanguinea), Wolligen Schneeball (Viburnum lantana) and with the Faulbaum (Frangula alnus).

Frequently the outside sheet organs of the bud are dressed in a coat, by which the protection from external influences is increased. Thus hair formations (Gemma pubescens) are, still more frequently a sticky, made of resin or resin and rubber existing secretion, which sticks the bud sheds together with one another and it covers (Gemma glutinosa). Both the kind, and the sheets of the bud mutually cover themselves (covering, Follatio), and the situation of the individual sheet in the bud (bud situation, Vernatio) show important peculiarnesses.

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Physiology of the bud from impulse and the bloom formation

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• Bud (Zoologie)

Articles in category "Bud"

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