The word captain (of lat. "„head caput "“and from it derived capitaneus "„leaders "“) found into nearly all European languages entrance and designates the leader of a ship.

In particular on large ships it has a multiplicity at tasks and responsibilities, e.g. for the ship as such, its participation in traffic and technical processes, the crew, the Labour Organization (plant manager), the passengers, security, the charge (e.g. carrier) and navigation. Its next coworker is the first, second, third or fourth officer, the attendant, the the navigator, the Bootsmann and sailor. It must show the necessary patents for leading the vessel. The training takes place at navigation schools, professional schools or universities. Captains are usually employed with shipping companies. In larger ports port captains work. In the leisure navigation one speaks of Skippern, which are usually experienced ship leaders.

History

The northEuropean medieval sailing boats drove under a "“master"” as This master was the maritime and nautical director/conductor of a ship. Its aids were the Mates/Maaten.Als one began to arm the trading vessels (there were still no proper warships in Northern Europe) against assaults gave one to the master a military "“Captain"” including some officers and military crew, whom the fight took over if it came so far.

The past leader of the ship (the master and its Mate) were subordinated to the military and remained as sail and navigation personnel on board. Thus the ship leader was called then Captain, its direct assistants became officers. In order to underline the dual function as military leaders and Nautiker, 18 became. and early 19 in. Century commander of military Sloops as "“master and COMM other"” (approximately in the rank of a German lieutenant commander/major) bestallt. (See also the film of the same name.)

Thus from the land farmhand captain a ship captain was not turned around and, from a ship captain a Captain as military rank (e.g. in the US army). The Captain corresponds thereby to a German captain (captain second lieutenant in the German navy). In the US Navy however service rank Captain corresponds to the German captain to sea (Colonels).

At the police district leaders or comparable policemen are called at the Kriminalpolizei also Captain. This rank is in for instance comparable with a German police /Kriminalhauptkommisar or first police /Kriminalhauptkommissar.

In English-language countries the captain of a smaller unit is still called masters and its tax people Mates.

Captains with a university conclusion in Nautik lead themselves the academic degrees of Dipl. - Nautiker and qualify with a structure study to the captain on large travel.

Trading vessel travel

The ship leader of a civilian cargo ship is "„a captain "“. This is not a utility position, a rank. It is addressed on board with "„Mr. "“. If this civilian captain goes from board, because he was replaced by a successor, it is not no more "„captain "“. He is then humans with a nautical patent and only on his next ship is he then again a captain.

Only on smaller ships the captain still goes guard. On larger ships and on large travel he is usually unmanned, and the officers and/or the tax people of the guard ("“awake officers"”) go the guards.

Naval ships

At the German navy on a naval ship of the ship leaders commander one calls. Its utility position is named, which is independent of its military rank. This knows lieutenant commander, commander, rather rarely captain to sea (staff officers) or, particularly on submarines and smaller ships, captain second lieutenant (short: KaLeu) its.

Commanders, who are staff officers, are addressed with "“gentleman/Mrs. Captain second lieutenants are addressed traditionally with "“gentleman/Mrs. Kaleu"”. Not common however the address is "“Mr. Kommandant"”.

See also

Qualifying certificate, crew, on-board force

Related links

• www.vdks.org federation of German captains and ship officers

Articles in category "Captain"

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