History

By decree of the Kingdom of Piemont Sardinien from 13 July 1814 the Carabinieri was brought as branch of service with military and police tasks into being. The designation "“Carabinieri"” was selected, because one did not want to take reference in the course of the restoration to the napoleonische "“Gendarmerie"” (see Koninklijke Marechaussee). Carabiniers gave it in different European armies, where they were considered as an elite troop within the Kavallerie. As in the case of the infantry belonging to the infantry they developed as special Eskadrons (companies) within different Kavallerieregimenter, in particular with Dragoon and The name Carabiniers is derived from the carbines, with which these special companies were equipped and then regiments. In many cases Carabiniers stood representatively of Dragoons (e.g. see The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards - Carabiniers and Greys or former British Dragoon Guards regiments). Dragoons transferred in former times to many states also safety tasks on the inside. Characteristically also one of the forerunner organizations of the Italian Carabinieri a Dragoon federation was, i.e. the Dragoni di Sardegna. Although the Carabinieri for historical-formal reasons was to be assigned at that time rather the Kavallerie, they had however in fact the status of a special hunter troop (also: Hunters to horses and/or light Dragoons, only few units have today still connections to the heavy Reiterei; see Corazzieri). The personnel predominantly recruited itself from the line infantry and had special attitude and/or crossing conditions to fulfill, why the Carabinieri was regarded also as an elite troop and (up to the year 2000) as branch of service militarily and protokollarisch priority opposite all other troops of the army had.

Military employments

The fire baptism kept the still very small Carabinieri troop short after its list. When Napoleon returned in March 1815 from his banishing on Elba to France, nearly all European powers explained the war to him. At the conquest of the French fortress Grenoble a small Carabinieri unit was involved to horses, which rode a crucial attack on 6 July 1815 against the Frenchmen.

From 1848 to 1870 the Carabinieri was involved in the Italian agreement wars. Particularly they were characterised here with Pastrengo. 1855 was under that nearly 19,000 piemontesischen soldiers, who participated in the Krimkrieg, 70 Carabinieri. Also they were complicated into the heavy fights with Sewastopol. Even with later wars always Carabinieri than military policemen were in the use and pretty often directly in fighting complicated. In the First World War the losses of the Carabinieri amounted to 1.423 pleasures and 5,245 wounded, in times the world war (1940-1945) on 4.618 pleasures and 15,124 wounded. Carabinieri battalions were inserted partially like infantry, so in July 1915 on the Podgora or 1941 into Culquaber (East Africa). Numerous Carabinieri co-operated starting from 1943 with the Italian resistance (Resistenza) and brought thereby large victims. Particularly is in Italy the case of the NCO admits Salvo D'Acquisto, which gave its life for civilians, who should be shot of the SS.

In view of the long tradition of the direct participation in military operations the Carabinieri maintains also today still own combat forces. During the cold war the Carabinieri had its own mechanized brigade (11.). Today. mobile brigade in Livorno corresponding tasks has the 2. You are subordinate a paratroop regiment (1. "“Tuscania"”) and two infantry regiments (7. and 13.). These forces specialized in the last years ever more in humanitarian and police tasks abroad.

Police and humanitarian employments abroad

In police and humanitarian employments abroad the Carabinieri takes part since long time. E.g. was of special importance its employment on Crete (1897-1906). Because of a rising of the people it came there to the international peace employment, within whose framework the Carabinieri contributed substantially for the setting up the "“kretischen Gendarmerie"”.

In the international peace missions, which were brought strengthened since 1991 by the UN into being, always also Carabinieri took part. Lately there is in Italian armed forces the tendency to leave peace-receiving employments (peacekeeping) ever to more the Carabinieri (2. mobile brigade and "“normal"” determination forces), during peace-creative measures (peace enforcing) rather to the field of the other armed services falls. The often quoted "“hermaphrodite position"” the Carabinieri, thus a military troop the predominantly civilian tasks has, seems in the scenarios of peace-receiving missions one Renaissance to experience. Rather military components are connected with experienced determination forces of the territorial units and co-operate also in relatively dangerous areas in quite fruitful way in a uniform organizational framework.

Uniformly

The Carabinieri wears a dark-blue uniform with own collar mirrors and badges of rank since its establishment. The uniform trousers had simple red longitudinal strips double with the Kavallerie units at the infantry units. This uniform Design kept until today. With special causes it is supplemented by a Dreispitz. In and the 70's 60's the Carabinieri carried a khakifarbenen service uniform, which differed from those of other army troops only insignificantly.

Like some other Gendarmerietruppen the Carabinieri on its head coverages carries representative garnet than emblem. This emblem comes from the infantry, who formed an elite in former times in the context of the infantry. Their emblem became later the registration number for elite troops. Since the Carabinieri had like the piemontesischen infantry within their range likewise a special position, took over her (later also different troops, however with modifications) this emblem. Napoleon called his Carabiniers also gladly "“infantry to horses"”.

Articles in category "Carabinieri [2 / 3]"

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