A clay/tone carrier is a technical medium for the storage of music and/or language. Meanwhile there is a multiplicity more differently "“clay/tone carriers"”, which mainly in Punkto storage capacity, clay/tone quality and dimensions differ. The most important clay/tone carrier of the present (2004) is (at present still) the CD and/or audio CD; on the further penetrating of the DVDs is to be counted. With the introduction on the market of CD burners the CD in the wealthy industrialized countries replaced before the musiccassette as absorptive medium.

List of different clay/tone carriers with the date of their introduction on the market:

• Pin roller made of wood or metal (18. Century)
• punched paper volumes as note role for Orchestrion and other mechanical music instruments (approx. 1883)
• Wax cylinder (1886)
• Note role for playing pianos in the form of punched paper strips for the Pianola (approx. 1895)
• Record from shellac (10 inch = 17.5 cm) with 78 UPM (1898)
• double-sided tapable record (1904)
• Note role for playing pianos standardized after the Buffalo Convention of 1909
• Tonfilm (photographic sound recording) 1922
• Clay/tone disk (photographic sound recording organ) 1925
• Tape (magnetic sound volume) (1928)
• Tonfilm with magnetic sound 1949
• Single record with Mikrorille (7 inch = 12cm, Vinyl with 45 UPM) (1947)
• Long playing record with Mikrorille (LP; 12 inch = 30cm, Vinyl with 33 UPM) (1948)
• Stereophonic sound volume (1953) (first stereophonic sound carrier for final consumers)
• Stereo long playing record (1957)
• Four-trace continuous cartridge (1960)
• Cartridge (Compact cartridge) (1963)
• Eight-trace continuous cartridge (1966)
• 12 inch = 30 cm Vinyl single with 45 UPM (1976)
• Videodisc (1978)
• CD (Compact Disc) (1982)
• 10 inch = 17.5 cm record (Maxi single)
• DAT (digital audio Tape) (1990)
• DCC (digital Compact cartridge) (1992)
• Mini Disc (1992)
• CD-R (1994)
• DVD (approx. 1997)
• Flash MEMORY (1995, Smart Media Card) (in MP3-Abspielern, e.g. CompactFlash, SD-Card, MEMORY stick, etc."…; see Flash MEMORY)
• SACD (super audio CD)
• DVD audio

See also: Storage medium

Related links

• Phonogrammarchiv of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
• Swiss Landesphonothek [[Lugano]]
• Berlin sound archives
• German music archives
• German broadcast archives

Articles in category "Clay/tone carrier"

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