Edward Tyson (* 1650 in Clevedon, Somerset; "† 1 August 1708 in London) was a British physician and zoologist.

Tyson studied medicine in Oxford and Cambridge and became member of the Royal Society. Apart from its medical activity he dedicated himself to also medical and zoo-logical research. 1680 it published its studies to a pig whale (Phocaena or The Anatomy OF A Porpess), at that time the specification of a Wales. Further studies covered among other things Pekaris, rattling queues, bag rats and earthworms. Its 1699 published work are most well-known "“Orang outang, sive, Homo sylvestris: or, The anatomy OF A pygmie compared with that OF A monkey, to ape, and A one., in which he compared the figure of an anthropoid for the first time with that of humans and a list of thing in common and set up to differences. Its Orang outang a Schimpanse in truth, whose skeleton can be visited today still in a Londoner museum, was so-called. Tysons work remained determining for Thomas Henry Huxley, that over one century, and still humans in 19. Century consistently into the evolution theory merged, appreciated its work as sample at scientific accuracy.

Apart from its zoo-logical activity Tyson dedicated itself also human-medical research and was director/conductor of a hospital in London. It died 1708 at the age of 57 years.

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