Erwin Baur (* 16 April 1875 in Ichenheim (today local part of Neuried); "† 2 December 1933 in Berlin) was a German physician, Botaniker, a Genetiker and a breeding researcher.

Life and working

Erwin Baur buildup in the rural Ichenheim with Lahr as a son of a pharmacist. Since the pharmacy was connected with a agricultural enterprise at the same time, the young Baur could become acquainted with already early the problems at that time of the agriculture.

Studied first medicine at the Universities of Heidelberg, Freiburg, Strasbourg and Kiel and one attains a doctorate to Baur 1900 to the Dr. med. Afterwards it works in Kiel as an assistant of the bacteriology.

it carries military service for 1901/1902 out as a physician at the navy, will 1902 Assistenzarzt in a psychiatric hospital in Kiel, in order to then work 1903 in the same function in the national lunatic asylum (today center for psychiatry) in Emmendingen.

In October 1903 it changes the subject according to for its inclinations and becomes 1. Assistant at Botani Institut of the University of Berlin. 1903 it becomes at the University of Freiburg in the subject Botanik the Dr. phil. attained a doctorate. Topic of its thesis: "“Investigations on the history of the development of some Flechtenapothecien"”.

1904 habilitiert itself Baur with a work about "“Myxobakterienstudien"”, in which he concerns himself with the bacterial physiology. As a private lecturer Baur holds starting from 1907 first genetic lectures at the University of Berlin.

1911 it to the chair for Botanik to the agricultural university Berlin will appoint. 1914 he becomes director/conductor of the first institute for leaving science in Berlin - which first Institut in Germany, in which genetic realizations are used systematically for agricultural purposes.

1917 place together with Ferdinand of Lochow at the emperor William company the request for "“Institut for plant breeding"” to Baur, who this 1927 also agree and who is opened on 29 September 1928 as "“institute for emperor William for breeding research"” with seat in With the mechanism of the institute Baur wanted to reach that apart from private-economical breeding also the state creates productive planting places, in order to reduce thereby among other things the imports. The today's institute for Max-Planck for breeding research in Cologne works in direct follow-up at that time of the institute created of Baur.

Research

Baur could prove in its early work, viruses the cause for the "“infectious chlorose"” from plants is and can thereby as one the founder of the vegetable Virologie apply.

Its probably most important contribution to the genetics was the proof that genes occurred not only in Chromosomen within the cell core, but also Plastiden (e.g. Chloroplasten) carriers of genetic information are and thus the phenotype of plants with determine.

Its genetic attempts with (Antirrhinum) were received not only into the text books of the genetics, but also into school books. At this object it studied color transmission, multiple Allelie, interaction of the genes as well as artificial mutations.

Still until today its breeding successes are having a lasting effect to grain or first breeding of bitter-material-free Futterlupinen.

In a time, when the Reblaus as well as genuine represented and wrong flour ropes a serious problem in the European viticulture, Baur recognized that this with consistent application of genetic realizations, approximately by the crossing of mushroom-resistant American game vines of the European culture vine was to be solved.

Already 1922 accomplished Baur first crossings between different kinds of small fruits. So it could produce the "“Jochelbeere"” (Johannisbeere x Stachelbeere), so mentioned by it, from the flour-rope-resistant Wildjohannisbeere (Ribes succirubrum) and flour-rope-susceptible Stachelbeersorten.

In the year 1921 Baur as well as Carl Correns and Richard Goldschmidt created the German society for leaving science and promoted besides with Carl Correns, Eugen Fischer, Richard Goldschmidt and Ernst Ruedin the 1927 effected establishment of the institute for emperor William for anthropology, human hereditary teachings and Eugenik, in which (after Baurs death) among the national socialists the "“race research"” formed an emphasis.

Works

• Introduction to the experimental leaving teachings. Berlin: Fount carrier, 1911
• Erwin Baur, Eugen Fischer, Fritz spring: Bases of the human heritability teachings and eugenics. Munich: Lehmann, 1921 (volume. 1-6)
• Erwin Baur and max Hartmann (Hrsg.): Manual of the leaving science. Berlin: Fount carrier, 1929 FF (volume. 1-32)
• Fall of the culture peoples in the light of biology. Munich: Lehmann, 1934. (New edition)
• The scientific bases of the plant breeding. Berlin: Fount carrier, 1921
• Leaving and Bastardisierungsversuche with Antirrhinum. In: Magazine for inductive descending and leaving teachings 3, P. 34-98, 1910 (Digitalisat)

Erwin Baur was starting from 1908 publishers that world-wide first genetics magazine magazine for inductive descending and leaving teachings (since 1996 under the title Molecular and general genomics,), starting from 1912 of the magazine for plant breeding and starting from 1929 of the magazine of the breeders (starting from 1996 under the title Theoretical and Applied Genetics,).

Literature

• Heiner Fangerau: The standard work to the human heritability teachings and eugenics of Erwin Baur, Eugen Fischer and Fritz spring. 2000 (thesis at the University of Bochum)
• Hagemann, Rudolf:

Articles in category "Erwin Baur"

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