Eugen Bircher (* 17 February 1882 in Aarau; "† 20 October 1956 Aarau, ref., of Aarau and Wohlenschwil in the canton Aargau, Switzerland).

After its medicine study in Basel and Heidelberg Bircher gained 1915-16 war-surgical experiences in Bulgaria. 1917-34 it was active as a surgical Chefarzt, starting from 1932 also as a director at the cantonal hospital Aarau. Bircher enjoyed the call prominent Swiss of a surgeon into the 1920er years. It published numerous scientific contributions within the ranges kropf, stomach, knee joint and war surgery and is considered as a founder of the Arthroskopie. Bircher accomplished the first Arthroskopien of the knee joint 1921 in the cantonal hospital Aarau with equipment for the reflection of the abdominal cavity. At that time Bircher already used nitrogen for the filling of the joint. This procedure and the indication positions apply today on the whole further. It engaged itself also in numerous medicine-scientific and condition-political organizations (among other things honour member of Switzerland. Society for surgery). August. 1926-1956 editor of the "“Swiss medical weekly revue"”. 1943 Mitorganisator and partially leaders of east front missions (Swiss military-medical missions on German side) of the Swiss red cross.

Its military career began Bircher as a chief of staff of the Fortifikation Murten (1914-17). 1917 it released attitude of the Swiss Upper House of Parliament the "“De-Loys-affair"” by its public criticism at the "“duck-width unit-friendly"”. After its appointment as the commander of division Bircher was 1934-37 commander of the 4. , 1938-42 of the 5. Division. The 1926-39 as a lecturer at the military-scientific department of the ETH Zurich teaching Bircher military writer was considered as prominent Swiss military and: 1931-37 central president of the Swiss officer company, 1931-46 chief editor of the "“general Swiss military magazine"”. Owing to its numerous publications within the ranges war history (among other things numerous books to the Marneschlacht), troop psychology and military politics he maintained partially intensive contacts with German and French military in the years 1918 to 1955. With Upper House of Parliament defended Rudolf Minger it engages the Swiss military readiness and was Mitinitiant of the border control.

1918 created Bircher in Aarau as patriotic federations admit to become citizen weirs, with which the right middle class reacted to the general strike. Originally free-intimately, Bircher belonged 1920 to the joint founders of the right-conservative farmer trade and a citizen party in the canton Aargau. it occurred 1942 the national council, where it formed itself with military and health-political raids (1943-1947 member of the authority commission as well as 1946-1950 of the military commission. Its Motion to the Tuberkulose - fight (Schirmbildobligatorium) resulted in an appropriate which - against medical profession and middle class fights - 1949 in a referendum tuning were subject.

Member of the student connections Argovia, Wengia and Helvetia, was Bircher a typical representative one with partially sozialdarwinistischen, anti-modernistic and democracy-critical elements interspersed conception of the world. Its sharp front position against the political left one led initially to false estimates of frontism and national socialism and for the reproach of demarcation lacking.

Literature

• Daniel Heller, Eugen Bircher, physician, military, politician, Zurich 1988

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