First is since 1993 the name for the Germany-far television community program of the pool of broadcasting corporations national broadcasting corporations.

Organization

The first, represented by the program management first German television, is a community offer of the transmitters (pool of broadcasting corporations) with seat, united in the working group of the public broadcasting corporations of the Federal Republic of Germany, with the Bavarian broadcast in Munich. Director of program is Dr. Struve. Legal basis is the pool of broadcasting corporations convention.

The program is filled according to the respective size of the individual national broadcasting corporations. Up-to-date the SWR 17.95%, the NDR 17.45%, the BR 15.25%, the MDR 11.45%, as well as RB 1.00% supply with to the HR 7.35%, the RBB 7.00%, the SR 1.30% to the community program for the WDR 21.25%.

History

The program took up the transmit mode in the year 1952 to Hamburg as German television, first arranged from the northwestGerman broadcast at that time. Starting from 1954 it was organized together by the broadcasting corporations of the Federal Republic existing at that time for completely Germany. The late pool of broadcasting corporations joined Saarland broadcast took part likewise in the community program.

1984 were renamed the program into first German television, since 1994 ever more frequently also simply only first.

A avowed goal of the transmissions were from beginning also humans in the GDR at that time, so that the program was to be received from many strong transmitting plants as for example on the ox head or in peat house also beyond the iron curtain. Since December 1990 the program becomes also over the former transmitters of the 1. GDR television program (DFF 1) radiated.

After establishment of the two broadcasting corporations MDR and ORB in the area of the former GDR 1992 these two transmitters joined the pool of broadcasting corporations likewise and took part in the community program, which is carried together since the fusion from Southern German Broadcasting Corporation and Southwestern German Broadcasting Corporation to the SWR and/or ORB and SFB to the RBB now by nine broadcasting corporations.

Technical conversion

The program of "“first"” is united technically in the transmission center of the pool of broadcasting corporations in the "“pool of broadcasting corporations star"” in Frankfurt/Main (on the area of the hessian broadcast). Over the own glass fiber net HYBNET these signals are distributed to the individual broadcasting corporations.

Since February 2005 first is out-played by the centers transmission completion (ZSAW) in the pool of broadcasting corporations transmission center. Before switched in each case the institute for pool of broadcasting corporations, which brought a transmission into the community program (all the same whether "“live"” or noted), a line to the pool of broadcasting corporations star, of where from the signal was passed on to all other pool of broadcasting corporations transmitters for terrestrial distribution. With the start-up of the ZSAW all transmissions, those not "“live"” are for the first time (films, Soaps, documentations etc.) directly of the servers in Frankfurt out-played. Since each pool of broadcasting corporations transmitter is to be able to radiate regional advertisement further in the previous evening program, the system is appropriate for the simultaneous lottery by up to nine programs (according to nine advertising windows). Via satellite the regional window of the WDR is radiated. The Uplink antenna for the branch RA radiant emittance is in direct proximity to the pool of broadcasting corporations star likewise on the area of the Mr.

Spreading

This very day first is radiated similarly to a large extent as only television program in West Germany over pool of broadcasting corporations-own transmitting plants. In East Germany against it to rented capacity that of T-system one falls back. In the course of the conversion to DVB-T ever more similar transmitters are switched off in favor of the new digital spreading. First is contained and (conditions at the end of of May 2006) over 77 locations is radiated in all conversion regions in the digital Bouquets. In the comparison to the similar cover some areas which can be supplied with difficulty are not however in the future any longer terrestrial supplied. This is consequence of the renouncement of many filling transmitter, which cannot become balanced also by the better sensitivity of DVB-T every now and then (thus a smaller needs field strength than with the analog receipt). Thereby still altogether scarcely 60 basic net transmitters and about 1000 filling transmitters are used, in order to achieve remote valleys with the program in the similar radiant emittance.

Over satellite first is European-wide receiptable since 1993. The digital satellite spreading (DVB-S) began in the year 1997. At present the satellites Astra 1 (19,2"° east) are used and Eutelsat Hotbird (13"° east, only digitally). In the cable system first is country widely available, also in some other European countries (Switzerland, Austria, the Netherlands, Denmark) the program in far regions into the cable is fed.

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