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General, Plural of generals or generals, designates the rank of the highest grade category of the officers highest in most nations in peacetime in the military at army and Air Force. In some nations also the rank of a marshal, a field marshal or a general OF the Army standing over the general can be lent in the war for special earnings/services.

Badge of rank

At most armies the rank on the shoulder pieces is indicated by golden (or) stars silver in the case of US armed forces. In most Nato states the general carries four stars (therefore it unofficially also often as a "“four-star general"” designates). The ranks are subordinate

  • Lieutenant general (3 stars)
  • Major general (2 stars)
  • Brigadier General (1 star).

History

General is in the later Middle Ages an arising, but abbreviation for all titles built up with general used rather rarely. In France and Spain the designation straight takes with military titles in 15. Century too. Since that 16. Century is it an almost exclusively military designation.

German armies

All general ranks are addressed independently of their rank with gentleman/Mrs. General or - in the - surgeon general. Traditionally with German generals not of stars but of Pickeln one speaks.

The general ranks since that 19. Century (ascending sequence):

German empire

  • Major general
  • Lieutenant general
  • General (the branch of service, e.g."… the infantry)
  • Colonel general (since 1854)
  • General field marshal (only in the Kriegsfall or for special earnings/services)

See also ranks in the army of the German empire

Armed forces

  • Major general
  • Lieutenant general
  • General (the branch of service, e.g."… the artillery)
  • Colonel general
  • General field marshal (only in the Kriegsfall and for the Secretary of Defense Blomberg)
  • Realm marshal (only gentleman Mr.

See also ranks in the armed forces

National People's Army of the GDR

  • Major general
  • Lieutenant general
  • Colonel general
  • Army general - (according to the order Warsaw Treaty)
  • Marshal of the GDR - (not assigned)

See also ranks in the NVA

In the NVA the rank general (the branch of service) was given up and the army general was added after Russian model and was since then the equivalent rank to the today's general.

The rank of the Marshal of the GDR became with resolution of the Council of State of 25. March 1982 production. It was carried however nobody into this rank. The rank of the army general remained reserving the Minister for national defense. The only carriers of this rank in the NVA were Willi Stoph, Heinz Hoffmann and Heinz Kessler. Into the rank of the army general outside of the NVA only Erich Mielke and Friedrich Dickel was carried.

German Federal Armed Forces

The German rank sequence was amended with the list of the German Federal Armed Forces for political reasons and in favor of the standardization within the NATO framework.

  • Brigadier General (surgeon general/general pharmacist) (1 star)
  • Major general (general staff physician) (of 2 stars)
  • Lieutenant general (general upper medical officer) (of 3 stars)
  • General (4 stars)

See also ranks in the German Federal Armed Forces

The general appropriate rank at the German navy admiral reads.

In the of the German Federal Armed Forces there is no rank that the general corresponds. Furthermore there is no rank in the grade category of the generals/admirals in the veterinarian nature.

A Brigadier General can lead a brigade in the German army among other things (if it was carried (waiting periods are the rule), a major general for example a division, a lieutenant general a corps. Besides there is a multiplicity of further service posts for generals, for example in the Ministry or in different command authorities, offices and schools.

General rank remains reserving in the national hierarchy the general inspector of the German Federal Armed Forces. Further four-star general service posts can be noticed by officers of the German Federal Armed Forces within the multinational range (NATO). Example for this was a general Harald Kujat in its time as a chairman of the military committee of NATO.

To general one is promoted not "„according to plan "“, but appointed (in Germany) by the Federal President, as far as legally nothing else is certain (kind 60 exp. 1 GG). The soldier career regulation (SLV) only generally regulates the appointment as the Brigadier General and the possibly following transports up to the general.

"§5 (4) SLV: A transport is not permissible before expiration of a yearly since the attitude or the last transport [...], as far as in this regulation no other period is certain, unless the past rank needed to be gone through not regularly.

Since however the transport been to the Colonel generally by means of "„at least 15 years officer its "“("§25 (3) SLV) it is regulated and if one accepts in the best case that one begins with 18 years as an officer candidate, with 21 years second lieutenant and with 36 years Colonels becomes, then one could become theoretical with 37 years Brigadier General - a general transport is actually accomplished clearly later at the earliest with 47 years, usually however.

The designations general of the infantry, general of the communications troops, general air traffic control are in the German Federal Armed Forces contrary to the armed forces however no rank designation more, but service post designations. Thus it occurs regularly that the general of the supply troop is a Colonel.

A general is paid in the German Federal Armed Forces after the federal pay regulation (BBesO) with B-10.

Switzerland

The appropriate ranks read:

  • Brigadier
  • Commander of corps
  • General (commander in chief of the army only in times of war)

See also ranks in Swiss army

In Switzerland only during war mobilization a general is used as commander in chief of the army. This is selected by the Presidential Election Council.

Most well-known Swiss of generals are:

  • General Guillaume Henri Dufour during the special federation war 1847
  • General Hans duke during the French-German war 1870/1871
  • General Ulrich will during the First World War 1913 - 1918
  • General Henri Guisan during the Second World War 1939 - 1945

see also: Swiss would list generals

Momentarily highest-ranking Swiss is a commander of corps Christophe saucy ice (three-star general)

Austria

Austria changed and to the European/NATO system adapted end of 2002 its general structure:

2002 ago:

  • Brigadier
  • Commander of corps
  • General

after 2002:

  • Brigadier
  • Major general
  • Lieutenant general
  • General

See also ranks in the federal army

At present general Roland Ertl is as a boss of the general staff in Austria a highest-ranking officer.

In addition the use designation becomes a general for leading officials (E1) of the executive in Austria, in addition federal police and law guard belong, used. Since it concerns with the awake bodies mentioned civilian bodies, which are organized after military sample only, it does not concern however "“police officers"”, but they lead only officer ranks as use designation.

See also to general under welfare army

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