The German Gemeindeordnung from 30 January 1935 created so far the structured municipality constitutional law of the German countries off in favor of a centralistic regulation, which applied in entire German realm. The National Socialist state saw one of the fundamental laws of its regime in it like already from the preamble ("„on the soil prepared by it the new building of the realm will complete itself. "“) to see is; therefore also democratic elements were abolished such as elections to the office of the mayor or tunings in the town councillor, and the position of the NSDAP was embodied firmly (facsimile of the German Gemeindeordnung in: Hofmann/Muth/Theisen, local legislation in North-Rhine/Westphalia, 12. Edition, 2004, page 43, publishing house Bernhard Witten. ISBN 3-933870-47-X).

Kinds of municipality

The German Gemeindeordnung replaced the municipality constitutional law from 15 December 1933 and all other Gemeindeverfassungen (city orders and land municipality orders) in the German countries, valid in Prussia. Only deviations from this uniform legal order for all city and land municipalities of the German Reich were the provisional exceptions of the capital Berlin and the Hanseatic cities Hamburg, Bremen and Luebeck.

Cities and municipalities

The law saw forwards that all local units on local level the designation "„municipality "“(thus no more: Land municipality) led. The municipalities, which led so far the designation "„city "“, kept this designation. That applied also to those the so-called , i.e. carried city for smaller municipalities, which in former times according to a land municipality order were administered, but the designation.

Municipalities with other designations

In all other respects auxiliary designations could be lent to the municipalities to limited extent, those on the historical past, to which to characteristic or the meaning were based to the municipality, like for example:

• Berlin, realm capital,
• Munich, capital of the movement,
• Leipzig, realm fair city,
• Stuttgart, city of the foreign Germans, etc.

"„Leader principle "“

Municipality leader

The director/conductor of the municipalities realm-uniformly the designation "„mayors led "“and "„mayors "“in an urban area. This ladder were not any longer selected, but were appointed.

The places of full-time mayors and assigning to were to be written out publicly. In the sense of the unit between a party and state the procedure led with the appointment and recall of the mayor of the circle leaders of the NSDAP. After consultation with the local councils he suggested three applicants to the responsible authority. Was responsible:

• for urban areas with more than 100,000 inhabitants: the realm Minister of the Interior,
• for the remaining urban areas: the realm governor;
• for the remaining cities: the head of the provincial government,
• for the remaining municipalities: the land advice.

The position was occupied in municipalities with more than 10,000 inhabitants full-time for twelve years and should be occupied - apart from justified exceptional cases - in the remaining municipalities honorary for six years. For the agency of the mayor this likewise appointed assigning to stood to the side.

"„Local council "“

There was not a selected local council any longer. Rather local councils had "„continuing feeling of the administration of the municipality with all layers of the citizenry to secure "“. The designation read in cities "„councilmen "“.

Their appointment took place on 6 years via the assigned one the NSDAP in agreement with the mayor. Was on national reliability to respect suitability and Leumund. Personalities should be considered, of them sphere of activity of the municipality its special characteristic or meaning gave or the gemeindliche life substantially affected.

The mayor had to advise important affairs of the municipality with the local councils. Over contents of the consultation a minute was to be taken up, in which deviating expressions of the local councils were to be taken up. Tunings did not take place.

Supervisory authority

The supervision of the state led (exemplarily for Prussia):

1. over urban areas the head of the provincial government,
2. over the remaining municipalities the land advice.

Validity time

After end of war the law continued to apply provisionally still in some West German countries in democratized form, until it was replaced by new Gemeindeordnungen.

Related links

• German Gemeindeordnung (text)

See also under: Gemeindeordnung

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