Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus (* 4 February 1776 in Bremen; "† 16 February 1837 in Bremen) was a German physician and natural scientist.

Life

Childhood

Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus was born on 4 February 1776 in Bremen and buildup as the youngest of nine brothers and sisters. Its father as well as its nut/mother were buyer people. Its father was Joachim Johann Jacob Treviranus and its nut/mother Catharina Margarethe Talla. Three of its brothers and sisters died already after the birth. It broke with the minister tradition existing since seven generations and turned to the natural science, equally this did its younger brother Ludolph Christian Treviranus, which admits as Botaniker became. From its parents due to financial considerations in a forced manner to the medicine study it began this 1793 at the university financed it its study Goettingen there and got sick themselves 1794 at Tuberkulose. Treviranus visited however also mathematical lectures, whereby it was its original desire mathematics to study. Further it showed also interest in nature teachings and philosophy, it visited lectures with Johann Friedrich flower brook and Friedrich Bouterwek. Its thesis put he 1796 down with flower brook with the title De emendanda physiologia (over the improvement of the physiology).

Physician in Bremen

There it its family financially badly went deflected it a call to the chair for mathematics and turned 1796 to Bremen as a professor of mathematics and medicine at the "“High School illustre"” into Bremen. This place obligated to hold it lectures and to accomplish treatments at patients in the urban hospital. Bremen stood under the influence of the "“animal Magentismus"” as prevailing treatment form. Treviranus fell in love when magnetizing with Elizabeth Focke. Focke was the daughter handing of a bulkhead gentleman. They married on 20 December 1797 and Elizabeth bore 3 children.

Task of the medicine

Treviranus felt however despite its marriage the medical occupation as a "“very unfortunate"”. This was made more difficult by its illness. Its patients made additionally his occupation to it more difficult:

It disgusted me spiritless roaming among so some humans, for who I would have ordered dear a praying and a working as medicines, indescribably.

Further it was dissatisfied also with the medical bases of its time:

The purpose of the medicine is preservation of the health and healing of the diseases. Their theory be based thus on know-eat the healthy and ill body. Beyde of conditions now are different modifications of the life. Thus in order to answer that question, we must constitute thus only, which life is, and biology for Rath to ask. (Treviranus 1802, S.9)

Basic research

Finally it turned away from the medicine and began themselves with theoretical basic research. Its Hauptwerk biology, or philosophy of living nature developed 1802 to 1822. Its life circumstances worsened however in these years increasingly, it became more and more depressive and office for association. Additionally its family got sick also with Tuberkulose and its brother it always energetically supported got sick 1809 to typhoid fever, of these transferred 3 years later a Professur to Rostock and in such a way broke off the personal contact.

In the year 1810 it visited France and wrote due to a common anti-French tendency only with mockery and irony concerning this. It met also Georges Cuvier, recognized however its achievements on and enjoyed the contact. Other scientists of its time which it personally was Alexander Humboldt (1769-1832) knew, Alexandre Brongniart (1770-1847), Louiche Desfontaines (1750-1833) as well as Antoine Laurent de Jusieu (1748-1836).

Withdraw into the private life

After the departure of the French troops from Bremen in the year 1815 Treviranus with its political ambitions failed and withdrew themselves from the political-social life. Instead of a new edition of its "“biology"” he wrote still from 1831 to 1833 its after that appears biology made research results under the title: The features and laws of the organic life.

Treviranus deceased on 16 February 1837 at flu during an epidemic disease in Bremen.

Treviranus inserted 1802 in its Hauptwerk "“biology or philosophy of living nature for natural scientists and physicians"” the term "“biology"”, appeared, as clammy one at that time of the spectrum already existing at "“life sciences"”. In the introduction it wrote: "“The thes subject of our investigations will be the different forms and features of the life, the conditions and laws under which the life condition take place and the causes, whereby the same is caused. We will name the science, which is occupied with these articles, the name biology or life teachings."” Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus supplied with its work a basis on also the considerations for the evolution of the kinds and humans since the turn of the century 1800 was based, which finally led to Darwins epochalem work across the emergence of the kinds.

On the other side he was extremely "“more practically"” a physician, who belonged to 1800 to first, which - only few years after the attempts of Edward Jenner - made smallpox inoculation in Germany.

The federation of German biologists (www.vdbiol.de) lends the Treviranus medal in honours of the scientist since 1992.

Works

• Physiological fragments. Hanover, 1779-1799
• Biology, or philosophy of living nature for natural scientists and physicians. Goettingen, 1802-1822
• The features and laws of the organic life. Bremen, 1831-1832
• Contributions for anatomy and physiology of the sense tools of humans and the Thiere. Bremen, 1828
• Contributions to the clearing-up of the features and laws of the organic life. Bremen, 1835-1837

Articles in category "Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus"

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