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The Graphologie, also writing psychology, however not necessarily equivalently mentioned to this, concerns itself with the analysis of the handwriting of individuals. In addition a specimen of handwriting must be present, which shows the "normal" typeface pro gangs. The Graphologie is not science, but a disputed form of the psychological diagnostics and a special form of the psychological know-how.

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Methodology

From entireness characteristics (e.g. Rhythm, uniformity, reinforcement degree of the writing etc.) and many single characteristics, like general size of the letters and their relative importance, ornaments, write process and adjustment of the letters as well as the signature can provide the Graphologe a character picture. This knowledge can be learned and deepened by experience. Projecting and psychological understanding play a role during the collection of a personality over the handwriting.

Background of the handwriting interpretation are however above all the "impression characters". They are it, which supply the aspect of main interpretation of the analysis and make it possible that in a later stage of the interpretation, for the rounding, also single characteristics can be consulted. Such "impression characters" of the handwriting are psychologically homologous contrary to the single characteristics. For example there are no right-diagonal or short length-stressed, probably however jerky or strutted humans and writings.

Graphologen cannot determine the author of a hand written text or the authenticity or falsity of a signature like e.g. Consultant with a will or in the Kriminalistik. This is the task of the handwriting experts, with whose activity the psyche or the character of the writer does not possess any relevance. Here that legally or kriminalistisch relevant is compared and the alleged author assigned typeface on common graphic characteristics.

Criticism to the Graphologie

Graphologi appraisals are used occasionally in the choice of personnel. I.d.R. must be submitted a personal record hand written. The judgement formation with this procedure is however indirect nature and obscure for the applicant completely, why it is compared by psychologists with the unvaliden projektiven tests and with applicants in Germany is little popular. Numerous studies come i.d.R. to niederschmetternden validity results. In Metaanalysen coefficients of correlation were reached by r=.20, but not Graphologen came nearly throughout to valideren results. If neutral specimens of handwriting (thus not the personal record) are submitted, the graphologischen appraisals fail perfectly.

The Graphologie makes badly examinable statements and is examinable therefore limited with scientific methods. Statements are possible like self appreciation, attitude to the work, fantasy and distance from humans. Such characteristics cannot be measured and become however classified by each judgement ends differently. If in addition a judgement pleases becomes, if the result of an analysis admits is, the evaluation adapts itself to the result. Therefore when scientific investigations a such information flow is prevented.

Modern Graphologie

The methodology of the modern Graphologie refers already for a long time no longer to the so-called "signes fixed" the old Graphologie or symbolic indications in the writing, but to the shape theory (Hans Knobloch) and the recognition of so-called "drive and form shapes". Furthermore partially very differentiated personality models and the depth psychology are used.

Literature

Ploog, H. (2003): Handwriting interprets, Humboldt paperback, Baden-Baden, 3.Aufl.
Graphologie again fallen through. Halder sense, P. Graphologie again fallen through. The Skeptiker. 1993, 6, 43-45.
Schuler, H.; Marcus, B. (2001): Biographieorientierte procedure of the choice of personnel, P. 182-183. In: Schuler (Hrsg.): Text book of the personnel psychology, Goettingen et al.
Knobloch, Hans (1987): Graphologie. Exemplary introduction, publishing house for applied sciences, Munich
W.H. Mueller and A. Enskat (1973) Graphologi diagnostics. Their bases, possibilities and borders. 2te edition, publishing house Hans Huber
Max powders (1940), symbolism of the handwriting, Orell publishing house, Zurich, - Leipzig