GROOVE / Promotion of economy development

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GROOVE hierarchical systematics designate for the clear identification and classification of the spatial units of the official statistics in the member countries of the European union. It follows the administrative arrangement of the individual countries closely. Usually one NUTS level corresponds to a management level, or a spatial aggregation of administrative units. Comparable systematics give it also in the EFTA and CEC - is the French abbreviation for Nomenclature territorial statistiques - on German: Systematics of the Gebietseinheiten for the statistics. This systematics were developed 1980 by the European statistic office in Luxembourg, in order to be able to compare regional volume units within Europe also internationally statistically. NUTS regions are the basis for the quantitative evaluation of regions by the European Union. In the context of the regional policy conveyances concrete NUTS regions (v.a. NUTS3) are assigned.

(see also: ISO coding for volume units)

Background

The administrative units differ:

in their national hierarchic level (e.g. Lands of the Federal Republic, regions, districts etc.)
in its size of (surface, inhabitant)
in its designation (e.g. Brussel/Bruxelles) (also name laminations)
in their expansion by area condition changes (e.g. fusions and splitting)

Therefore a hierarchical and a clear identification are necessary.

Hierarchy levels

Geostatistic data (e.g. population density, gross domestic product) are always based on a reference area. In order to ensure one comparability approximately, only reference areas of same hierarchic level can regarded werden.NUTS reach this by the definition of four regional hierarchy levels and two local/local hierarchy levels:

GROOVE 0 national states
GROOVE 1 larger regions/regions
GROOVE 2 middle regions/landscapes
GROOVE 3 smaller regions/large cities

LAU 1 municipality federations
LAU 2 municipalities

(LAU" local one administrative unit)

Allocation methodology

Each member country, entry candidate countries and other European states are clearly determined over a two digit letter combination (e.g. DE for Germany). This coding corresponds to the standard ISO-3166 for the world-wide clear coding of national states and regions. This is simultaneous the NUTS0-Code.

For the identification of territories of the hierarchy levels NUTS1 to NUTS3 depending upon level 1-3 places are attached to the national code. Partial regions of a larger unit "inherit" the first place of the NUTS code these larger Regionund receive a further place. The pertinent volume units (usually alphabetical after region names) with the numbers 1 to 9 are durchnummeriert, continued counting if necessary with letters. The "0" one does not assign, serves instead as substitute symbols.

An individually standing NUTS code can therefore give over hierarchic level as well as affiliation to larger volume units information. By means of reference book the region can be designated clearly. Example of the NUTS code DED2B:

This concerns a NUTS3-Region, there two digit national identification DE and further three places.
The NUTS3-Region belongs to the NUTS2-Region DED2, to the NUTS1-Region DED and to the NUTS0-Region DE
By means of reference book: The NUTS3-Region Kamenz belongs to the NUTS2-Region Dresden, to the NUTS1-Region Saxonia and to the NUTS0-Region Germany.

Administrative units as basis

"Administrative unit" marks a geographical area with an administrative authority, which is authorized to make within the legal and institutional framework of the member state administrative and strategic decisions. The NUTS level, to which an administrative unit is to be assigned, is determined on the basis population borders (these are appoximate values, which can be also over or fallen below in individual case):

Even one	Upper limit	Lower bound
GROOVE 1	7,000,000	3,000,000
GROOVE 2	3,000,000	800,000
GROOVE 3	800,000	150,000

The earlier levels NUTS-4 and/or NUTS-5 renamed in LAU-1 and/or LAU-2 (local administrative units).

Actualization

Systematics are adapted to the current area conditions by territories. The last substantial re-organization took place in the year 2003. In the case of a change of area condition or a change of the spatial allocation to larger it area-unit-comes to the assignment of new NUTS codes.

Germany

In Germany the NUTS-1-Regionen corresponds to the 16 countries.

On the NUTS-2-Ebene are there 41 regions. It acts over:

the 22 governmental districts in the countries Baden-Wuerttemberg (4), Bavaria (7), Hessen (3), North Rhine-Westphalia (5) and Saxonia (3)
10 former governmental districts
- Rhineland-Palatinate: the three governmental districts were dissolved 2000
- Saxonia-Anhalt: the three governmental districts were dissolved 2004
- Lower Saxony: the four governmental districts were dissolved 2005
two non-administrative regions (the country Brandenburg 2003 divided into the NUTS-2-Regionen Brandenburg northeast and Brandenburg southwest in the intention, after the European Union extension of the 1." To receive May 2004 at least still for the poorer northeast further European Union promotion funds assigned),
as well as 7 countries, which are not continued to subdivide on this level: the "city states" Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen, as well as the "surface countries" Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland and Thuringia (these 7 countries NUTS-1-Regionen and NUTS-2-Regionen are thus simultaneous).

The NUTS-3-Ebene with 439 regions in Germany essentially corresponds to the area level (districts and circle-free cities). Only Berlin West and - separate NUTS-3-Codes has east.

The LAU-1-Regionen is in Germany municipality unions such as central administrative bodies, and LAU-2-Regionen municipalities and municipality-free areas.

Source: EURO ACT