Immanuel Velikovsky (originally Russian and/or Immanuil Welikowskij; * 10. June 1895 in Witebsk in today's Russia; "† 17 November 1979 in Princeton, new jersey) was a physician, Psychoanalytiker and author.

It became admits as an author of many, partly very speculative books, particularly to the katastrophistischen conception of the world coined/shaped of it. Thus it stated that many of the world-wide myths exhibit strong similarities and it attributed this to a common cause. Also it tried to meet discrepancies in Egyptian history with new beginnings. In particular the consequences from its investigations to the katastrophistischen conception of the world, are rejected as untenable.

Biografie

Velikovsky visited the Medwednikow High School in Moscow and was a talented pupil in languages and mathematics. It received a conclusion with gold medal to 1913 and bereiste in the subsequent years Europe and Palestine. Velikovsky studied at the universities of Montpellier, Edinburgh and Moskau; its medicine study locked it 1921 in Moscow and went to Berlin.

There he married 1923 the Violinistin Elisheva Kramer from Hamburg and worked as a publisher on the Scripta Universitatis atque Bibliothecae Hierosolymitanarum, to whatever Albert Einstein a mathematical-physical contribution supplied; the Scripta covers mainly a collection from works to Judaica as well as Orientalismus and contributed in the consequence to the establishment of a Hebrew university in Jerusalem. The series of publications was reset after few volumes. From 1924 to 1939 Velikovsky medicine in Palestine practiced, where he published also the Scripta Academica Hierosolymitana; from this row appeared however only the first volume (1938). It studied psychology in Zurich and starting from 1933 in Vienna as a pupil of William Stekel, which was pupil Sigmund Freuds. At this time it published writings, among other things in Freuds Imago, to the analysis of epilepsy, which in the meantime to standard Untertersuchungsmethoden belong.

Approximately since 1939 concerned Velikovsky itself with myths, Egyptian history and chronology criticism. After it had read Freuds Moses and Monotheismus, it assumed that Pharao Echnaton had been the historical model for Whereupon it worked on its work and Echnaton. 1939 it traveled during a Sabbatjahres to New York, where it continued working during the beginning of war.

In April 1940 the theory developed in the consequence that a large natural catastrophe had also taken place breaking troubles, dividing Red Sea and exploding mountain Sinai, while those the Israeliten Egypt left (see exodus of the Bible). As voucher of this history Velikovsky looked for a second, independent source and maintained these in the Egyptian papyrus Ipuwer to have found. Since both sources were however differently dated, reconstructed Velikovsky on the assumption of the same origin the antique history of the front Orients. From these work developed the ages in the chaos - row.

In the fact Velikovsky states that the exodus not while the new realm took place, as the science assumed at that time, but during the case of the middle realm. It identifies the Hyksos with the Biblical Amalekitern, the Biblical queen of Saba with the Egyptian Pharaonin Hatschepsut and the Biblical Schischak king of Egypt with Pharao Thutmosis of IIITH far ones assumes it, the Amarna letters from the late 18. Events from the Kingdoms of Israel and Juda would actually describe dynasty, approximately from the time king Ahabs. These chronology-critical theses are rejected by established historians.

Starting from the year 1940 Velikovsky concerned itself also with the disaster. The book Josua describes that God Hagelsteine let stand still sun and moon fall and. Velikovsky interpreted the stone hail as meteorite shower; otherwise it took the description of the event as far as possible literally. He came with the fact to the conclusion that a world-wide Kataklysmus must have occurred about 50 years before, at present the exodus of the Israeliten. By comparison with other sources, above all legends approximately around the globe, he assumed the Venus than a cause of this Kataklysmus and summarized its work in worlds in the collision. During its searches it shifted also its constant domicile into the USA.

Velikovskys theory was already discussed before appearance of the book violently. 1950 published Velikovsky worlds in the collision with the publishing house Macmillan, after it was rejected before of eight other publishing houses. Pressure by different persons, among other things scientists, who published likewise with Macmillan, forced the publishing house to take the book after 2 months to the program and it appeared following with the publishing house to Doubleday. 1952 reached worlds in the collision thereafter place 1 of the best-seller list of the USA. Later Velikovsky earth in riot, which puts the focus on the geological events and certifications of the disaster, published few years.

During the publication of its theory and the appearance of its books Velikovsky was a Persona non grata at universities and universities. The early space probes confirmed some its forecasts, in particular that the Venus has a hot surface, and he kept more and more invitations following to give lectures. 1972 and 1973 were radiated interviews and documentations over it and its works by radio and Fernsehstationen.

In later years further platforms and forums followed, on which its work was presented and spread.

In the last Lebensjahren, in which its work was rejected further by the academic establishment, he suffered also from diabetes and depressions. Although still further works appeared in this time, like the sea-peoples, it could not bring other works to no more to end. 1974 made the Carl for it possible say to still another symposium appearance with the AAAS (see reference works). Velikovsky died 1979 in Princeton.

Its unpublished writings should to Velikovskys several marks be published, could however after disputes between the publisher and the family appear only late. Since 1990 comprehensive writings in the Internet were placed to the order and since 2005 administer the Princeton University its scientific deduction.

Articles in category "Immanuel Velikovsky"

We found here 6 articles.