The plants of the kind iron hat belong to the family of the cock foot plants (Ranunculaceae).

The scientific designation Aconitum is probably due to the mountain Akonitos in Pontos (small Asia). There Herakles (lat. Herkules) got the hell dog Kerberos (Zerberus) from the Hades (underworld) in the Greek mythology, from whose Geifer the plant arose. The designation iron hat is derived from the helmet-like

Spreading

The kind iron hat is considered as arctic kind from the Tertiary period, which spread from Siberia over Europe, Asia and America, whereby as trips the ice ages are considered to the vegetable migration. About half to kinds described today come only into China before Jean Marie Pelt: The secrets of the welfare plants, publishing house Knesebeck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-89660-291-8, P. 80.

In Central Europe the two blue-flowering kinds are blue iron hat (Aconitum napellus) and Gescheckter iron hat (A. variegatum) as well as the yellow-flowering wolf iron hat (A. lycoctonum subsp. vulparia) furthest spreads. All kinds stand under nature protection.

Dusting

For bloom-visiting insects it is not easy to arrive at the Nektar of the iron hat plants. Only to the Gartenhummeln succeeds owing to a very long suction trunk. The iron hat plants are therefore typical Hummelblumen. The mutual adjustment of Hummeln and iron hat bloom is so complete that the circulation area of the iron hat plants coincides with those the Gartenhummeln and particularly the Eisenhuthummel (Bombus gerstaeckeri).

Welfare plant/health danger

The kinds of iron hat are the most poisonous plants of Europe. They belong also to the most important medicinal plants. In most countries, in which iron hat occurs, also narrations are delivered, which refer to the Giftigkeit of this plant. Thus in the Chinese and Indian literature often the use of arrows poisoned with iron hat mentions Jean Marie Pelt: The secrets of the welfare plants, publishing house Knesebeck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-89660-291-8, P. 80. Similarly as with the blue iron hat in Europe also Chinese history knows murders, which were achieved by iron hat plants. So the wife of the Chinese general Huo Guang is to have tried to bring their daughter into the favorite role in that it the empress with iron hat excerpts poisoned. This tradition is not torn off until today. Between 1980 and 1984 one registered 72 deaths, which were to due to iron hat alone in the Chinese province itself SCN. Of it 35 murders were, in 16 cases used persons iron hat to commit around suicide and 21 cases attributed one to unfortunate confounding. Something similar reported from Hong Kong, where one announced between 1989 and 1993 35 cases of poisoning, those on dosage errors with the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine decreased/went back Jean Marie Pelt: The secrets of the welfare plants, publishing house Knesebeck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-89660-291-8, P. 85. In many countries, in which iron hat occurs, it is a traditional means for the poisoning of game animals such as wolves, bears and rodents.

The different Aconitum kinds contain toxic Diterpen alkaloids, which are in all plant parts. In the kinds cultivated domestic in Europe and essentially the alkaloids Aconitin, Benzoylnaponin, Hypaconitin, Lycaconitin and Neopellin, and the Aminoalkohole Aconin, Napellin, Neolin and Lycoctonin are provable. Besides still Isochinolin alkaloids or Katecholamine are contained in some kinds. The Giftigkeit of an individual plant depends thereby on local conditions as well as genetic factors.

The Aconitin is taken up by the intact skin and the mucous membranes. With tender-membranous persons this can lead even to In pharmacy mainly the roots are used, which have a very high active substance content. These are basis of many medicines for the treatment of

• Heart disturbances (Stenocardie), as well as
• grippalen Infekten,
• Neuralgien particularly the Trigeminus as well as
• Heart bag inflammations.

Beside the uses the traditional Chinese medicine iron hat. It is considered there as means with cold and fever accumulations as well as with anxieties and fear of death Jean Marie Pelt: The secrets of the welfare plants, publishing house Knesebeck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-89660-291-8, P. 13.

Kinds (selection)

The kind covers about 400 kinds, under it the following:

Kind iron hat (Aconitum)

• A. anglicum
• A. arendsii

• A. noveboracense
• Rispiger iron hat (A. paniculatum)

• Raustieliger iron hat (A. of pilipes)
• A. platanifolium
• Faltenstirniger iron hat (A. plicatum)
• A. reclinatum
• A. septentrionale
• Tauern Eisenhut (A. tauricum)
• A. uncinatum
• Gescheckter iron hat (A. variegatum)

• A. volubile
• Yellow iron hat (A. vulparia)
• A. wilsonii

Footnotes

Related links

• www.giftpflanzen.com

Articles in category "Iron hat"

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