Johannes Thal (* 1542 in Erfurt; "† 18 July 1583 in Peseckendorf with Oschersleben) was a German physician and Botaniker.

He was son of an Evangelist minister, who was one of the first Evangelist ministers at all, and visited first a school in Erfurt. From 1558-1561 it visited the monastery school in Ilfeld, a then famous school under the direction of Michael Neander. Already as pupils Thal is to have been interested in plants and put on a Herbarium. It studied medicine in Jena and worked afterwards as a physician in only in Stendal, then starting from 1572 in Stolberg, where it was Stadtphysikus. 1581 it became Stadtphysikus in north living. On the way to a patient Thal in the early summer had an accident 1583 with its horse cart and died a little later with only 41 years at its injuries.

it wrote the "“Sylva Hercynia"” to 1577, a first listing of the plants of the resin and some surrounding areas. This Flora differed from all herb books written up to then, because for the first time an author was not limited to the arzneilich effective plants, but tried, to seize and describe all occurring plants. Johannes Thal created it in only five years to provide despite missing systematics and regulation books and weak infrastructure, an extremely extensive picture of the resin vegetation. Many kinds thereby by it for the first time described, for example later after it designated, today than model organism in development biology well-known Arabidopsis thaliana (field thin wall) or the ground Segge, alpine milk lettuce, breaking into anemone and many more. For other kinds it documented for the first time an occurrence in Germany. For many descriptions it supplied besides exact map references.

Because of these achievements Johannes Thal is considered today as a "“father of the Floristik"”. Its Sylva Hercynia, the first Flora at all, became only 1588, thus after its death, by Joachim Camerarius D. J. (1534-1598) given change.

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