Josiah Bartlett (* 21 November 1729 in Amesbury, Massachusetts, colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain, today the USA; "† 19. May 1795 in Kingston, New Hampshire, the USA) was an British-US-American physician and politician, who signed the declaration of independence of the USA as delegates of the congress of continental for New Hampshire. Later he was a chairman of the highest court of New Hampshire and governor of the state.

Biografie

Josiah born as a fifth child and fourth son of Stephen and Hannah (Webster) Bartlett. It visited the primary school, which it locked with unusual success. At the age of 16 he had learned bases that latin and Greek language. 1745 it began a study of the medicine and worked in practice from Dr. Ordway in Amesbury. Before it became 21, it pulled 1750 after Kingston (New Hampshire) in the Rockingham County, hung a practice sign up and began independently to work.

Kingston was at this time a border settlement with only a few hundred families. If a man wounds sew, bone to arrange and fever treat could, was it welcomely, also without formal training. Dr. Bartlett did it and as an only doctor in this part of the Countys flourished its practice. He bought country and and added a farm to his properties.

On 15 January 1754 he married Mary Bartlett from Newton (Massachusetts). She was his cousin, a daughter of its uncle Joseph. They remained up to their death on 14 July 1789 a faithful pair. Over the years they should have eleven children: Mary (1754), Lois (1756), Miriam (1758), Rhoda (1760), Hannah (still as a child the 1762 died), Levi (1763), Josiah (1765, died in the same year), Josiah (1768), Ezra (1770), Sarah (1773), Hannah (1776, which died also still as a child). Three of his sons and five its grandchild followed him as physicians.

Political career

Like many prominent men in small municipalities also Bartlett in public affairs of Kingston actively and was selected 1765 into the colonial parliament. 1767 he became Colonel of the militia of his Countys and governor John Wentworth appointed him the justice of the peace. When the American movement of independence began, its Whig opinions brought it in opposition to the royal governor John Wentworth.

1774 it joined the Korrespondenzkomittee of the colonial parliament and began its co-operation with the leaders of the movement of independence of the thirteen colonies. Later in this year, than Wentworth dismissed or postponed the colonial parliament, Bartlett was selected in its independent (and illegal) successors, the Provinzialparlament. Bartlett suffered besides the loss of its home by a fire, which was put allegedly by opposing Tories. It pulled with its family outside into its farm house and began immediately with reconstruction. When the parliament Bartlett and John Pickering selected as delegated one to the congress of continental, it was forced to reject, because it had to remain at its family, remained however in the affairs new Hampshires actively. As one the last document governor Wentworths, before he was driven out from New Hampshire, he recalled Bartletts appointment as the judge, Colonel of the militia and as a member of the colonial parliament.

Congress of continental

Bartlett was selected 1775 again as delegates and participated in the meeting, like also in the meetings 1776. It was actual for some time at the end of of 1775 and beginning 1776 the only delegated one from New Hampshire. Much the work of the congress was carried out in committees. In the most important in each case delegates from each state, which meant, the Bartlett in all sat these participated, including those for security, secret services, armament, navy and civil administration. Its attention for details and his hard work in the committees made it one of the most influential participants of the congress, although it became rarely in the debates the met congress active.

Finally, after its constant letters home to the parliament and the committee for security in New Hampshire, William Whipple and Matthew Thornton of the delegation in Philadelphia were added. When the question about the explanation of independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain was officially applied 1776, Bartlett was asked as a representative of the northernmost colony as the first and he answered approving. On 2 August 1776, when the delegated ones signed the formal copy of the declaration of independence of the USA, it was second, that signed, right after John Hancock the president of the congress.

1777 it rejected the return to the congress, appointing itself to the exhaustion after the preceding troubles. But when difficulties arose, turned it are medical knowledge on and followed in August John Starks armed forces with the battle of Bennington.

He was selected 1778 again into the congress, and worked in the committee, which sketched the But, after the articles had been accepted, it returned to New Hampshire to follow in its private business. That was its last employment in services, because he believed its family much to for a long time alone to have left. , While it was 1776 at the congress, his Mrs. Mary had actually maintained the farm maintained, which supervises re-establishment of its house, the new children and had brought Hannah to the world.

Further career

Although it remained after 1778 in its state, it returned 1779 to its role as a judge, working on the general Appelationsgerichtshof. 1782 it was appointed to the highest Court of Justice by New Hampshire, although he was not a lawyer. Some contemporary lawyers meant actual that the law was better never, than then, than the highest judge knew only little from the historical jurisprudence.

1788 became Bartlett of chairmen of the highest court of the state. In the same year it was delegates at the New Hampshire congress for the acceptance of the condition of the USA, where it served some time as a chairman. The legislation of the new State of New Hampshire selected it to the US senator, but it rejected the office.

As a governor

1790 became Bartletts lifelong efforts highest honour assign. It secured the official acknowledgment of the medical society of New Hampshire. In addition it became of an overwhelming majority as Chief Executive Officer of New Hampshire. It served 1791 and 1792 as a president. When then the new constitution stepped 1792 into force, it continued working, now as a governor. It withdrew 1794 after four years because of its leaving health; it died in the following year.

During its term of office it supervised the conversion of the new constitution, the composition and the entry into force of the laws and statutes and the supply of the means for a punctual payment of the public expenditures. It promoted actively agriculture and industry, the improvement of the roads and started projects for the building of channels.

Medical career

Bartlett practiced 45 years as a physician. From today's perspective alone already are main earnings/services. It did not have training and the school at the age of 14 had left. It went with another doctor into the teachings and opened his practice at the age of 20. But it ready to think about its doing and avoided some traditional therapies, like the bleeding. Its Reputation was formally determined 1754.

The area around Kingston experienced a fever and a mouth rot epidemic disease, which were called Rachenstaupe around 1735. For adults a serious illness, for children mostly deadly, was in particular for very young children. When the illness arose again 1754, it tried Bartlett simply with different doses of different available medicines and discovered that Chinarinde suppressed the symptoms for a long time enough, in order to permit a recovery.

Bartlett lived in a time, in which made the medical enormous progress. Its large well read, his careful hands and his conscientious work made him an effective and successful physician. It created the medical society of New Hampshire and was their first president. 1790 gave the conclusion speech to that at the Dartmouth college, when its son Ezra graduated. A part its fame agitates from the signing of the declaration of independence of the USA and its straight choice taken place to the president of New Hampshire. But partly it was also an acknowledgment of its medical career. It was distinguished on the same day with the honour doctor of the medicine, at whom its son received this conclusion.

Further life way

There he withdrew himself into his home into Kingston and died to 19. May 1795. He was buried beside his Mrs. Mary on the prairie cemetery in Kingston. A bronze statue Bartletts stands on the central place of Amesbury (Massachusetts). Its Portrait hangs painted in parliament building in Concord (New Hampshire), of John Trumbull. Bartlett (New Hampshire) was designated it in honours and the Josiah Bartlett primary school carries its names in such a way.

Literature

• PAPER OF Josiah Bartlett, 1979, Olympic marketing corporation, ISBN 0874511682.

Related links

• Bartletts Kongressbiografie

See also: Founder fathers of the USA

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