Konrad Zacharias Lorenz (* 7 November 1903 in Vienna; "† 27 February 1989 in Vienna) was one of the most important representatives of the classical comparative behavior research in such a way specified. It called this Forschungsgebiet until 1949 "„animal psychology "“and in the German-speaking countries as its founder father is regarded. "„The mirror "“called it once "„Einstein of the animal soul "“. 1973 became common to it with Karl von Frisch and Nikolaas Tinbergen of the Nobelpreis for physiology or medicine for their discoveries concerning the structure and the release of individual and social behavior elements (in the original: "„for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation OF individually and social behaviour patterns "“) awarded.

Life

Family

Konrad Lorenz was respectable second, very late born son of the orthopedist Adolf Lorenz. Adolf Lorenz was nearly fifty, when its son came to the world; its nut/mother Emma (born Lecher) was already 42. Its older brother was at this time eighteen years old. Beginning 20. Century was his father a world-well-known physician, who not only in Vienna, but regularly also in New York over many decades practiced and among other things in the white house by Theodore Roosevelt became to receive.

School

Starting from 1909 Konrad Lorenz visited the elementary school and starting from 1915 Viennese the Scot High School, where it puts 1921 down the Matura with honor.

Study

Konrad Lorenz began when desired its father 1922 a medicine study to the Premedical School of the Columbia University in New York. There it returned however already 1923 to Vienna and continued until 1928 its medicine study at the university. 1927 married Lorenz the medicine student Margarethe Gebhardt, with which he was friendly since its third Lebensjahr and whose later income than lady doctor gave it to 1951 the financial support for its studies.

1928 followed, also in Vienna, the graduation to the doctor of the medicine (Dr. med.univ.). In the same year and - after an interruption - from 1931 to 1935 he was busy as an assistant with Professor Ferdinand Hochstetter at IITH anatomical Institut of the University of Vienna, which was a magnet for German national and gesinnte students. 1931 met Konrad Lorenz in Berlin for the first time personally the Ornithologen Oskar Heinroth and Erwin Stresemann - a crucial event for its entire following scientific career. 1933 followed in Vienna a second graduation, this time to the Dr. phil. in the subject Zoologie.

1935 appeared in the journal for Ornithologie the epoch-making essay: "„The Kumpan in the environment of the bird "“. 1936 were habilitiert the Lorenz, so that starting from 1937 the training power for "„Zoologie with special consideration of comparative anatomy and animal psychology could be given to it "“at the University of Vienna; it was this the first academic training power of their kind in Austria. Likewise 1937 researched the Lorenz for the first time and several months together with Nikolaas Tinbergen (at grey geese), in Lorenz' place of residence old person mountain with Vienna.

1940 carried out itself for Konrad Lorenz for years the appointment aimed at to the tidy professor; it received the chair for psychology in king mountain and became there at the same time director/conductor of the institute for comparative psychology. 1941 it was already drawn in however as a soldier (until 1944). To short basic training he came 1942 as an army psychiatrist into a military hospital into floats. There it to today not completely clarified tasks were transferred; he never expressed himself over this time. Occupied only its cooperation at a rassekundlichen study is on "„Posener GermanPolish half-breeds and Poland "“, when their realization was determined of the main authors among other things one "„vital Triebhaftigkeit "“that Poland contrary to typically German characteristics like "„thoroughness "“.

1944 came to the Lorenz into Soviet war shank, from which he became to dismiss only 1948 to Austria. In old person mountain with Vienna it created 1949 "„Institut for comparative behavior research "“, who belonged to the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Likewise it published 1949 its to today popular book "„it talked with the cattle, the birds and the fish "“- for financing of its living costs and his research. Because of its past in the national socialism in Austria however a recent Professur remained for it malfunctioned.

Instead 1950 furnishes the German Max-Planck company in Buldern/Westphalia particularly for Konrad Lorenz one "„to research centre for comparative behavior research "“to counter as branch office of Planck Max Planck for sea biology Wilhelmshaven, among other things in order Abwerbeversuche from England. 1953 followed the appointment as the fee professor at the University of

1955 began the Max-Planck company the building of the institute for Max-Planck for behavior physiology at the Esssee in Upper Bavaria; this location kept sea-meadows later to the names. There Lorenz became a deputy director under Erich of gets and after its early death starting from 1961 and until 1973 director. 1957 followed the appointment as the fee professor for Zoologie at the University of Munich.

In the year 1963 its best-seller appeared "„the so-called bad. For the natural history of the aggression "“, ten years later (1973) two further best-sellers of it came out: "„The eight death sins of civilized mankind "“and the philosophical Hauptwerk "„the back of the mirror. Attempt of a natural history of human recognizing "“. 1973 were lent to it together with Karl von Frisch and Nikolaas Tinbergen of the "“Nobelpreis for physiology or medicine"” for discoveries for organization and release by individual and social behavior patterns.

Its admittingness increased 1978, as Konrad Lorenz directly before its 75. Birthday to the Galionsfigur of the successful Austrian referendum against the start-up nuclear power station of the Zwentendorf became. 1988 appeared then its last large work: "„Am here I - where are "“, an exact ethologische description of grey geese as synopsis of approximately 60 years of intensive behavior observation.

Well-known Lorenz pupils are the behavior researcher and Humanethologe Eibl Eibesfeldt, the game biologist Antal Festetics, the behavior researcher Otto king and Wolfgang rewinding stand.

Articles in category "Konrad Lorenz"

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