Largely Friedrichsburg / German colonial history

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The kurbrandenburgische colony largely Friedrichsburg consisted protected addresses at one of several, by attachments zirka 30 km long coastal strip at the cape of the three points (Cabo of trichloroethylene Puntas, Cape Three POINTs) in today's Ghana, to the west of Sekondi Takoradi.

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The attachments

Fortress largely Friedrichsburg on the mountain Manfro
Dorotheenschanze with Accada
Dig Sophie Louise with Taccrama
a Fortess with Taccarary

History

On operation of the brandenburgischen naval general manager Benjamin Raule, which had attached already 1681 contacts with local master leaders, cure prince Friedrich William of Brandenburg decided the delegation of an expedition to west Africa with the goal of creating brandenburgische colonies in Africa. First became to 17. March 1682 the African Compagnie for the completion of the trade in the presence of the cure prince, Raules and buyers from Emden based. For the protection of the possession also the employment was regulated by warships and soldiers of the Kurbrandenburgi navy.

In May 1682 applied then major Otto Friedrich of the Groeben with the frigates "Morian" and "Chur prince" to the so-called gold coast. On 1 January 1683 Taccrama and Axim landed and created after negotiations with that there resident master chieftains the colony largely Friedrichsburg of the Groeben at the cape of the three points between the places.

In addition closed a contract (Tractat between its Durchlaucht Compagnie, and those Africani of Brandenburg Cabusiers of Cabo of trichloroethylene Puntas) with 14 chieftains of the Groeben. The contract regulated among other things, which obligations should take over the natives. In addition for example the protection of the fortress largely Friedrichsburg, Frondienste for the commander of fortress and the garrison, trade counted only with brandenburgischen ships and buyers as well as penetration of the settlement monopoly on Brandenburger. The Brandenburger again committed itself to the military protection of the native trunks neighbouring before attacks.

Groeben let establish provisionally a away and turned with the "Morian" back to Brandenburg, while the "Chur prince" segelte with a first charge slaves to west India. Between 1683 and 1685 the Brandenburger established then the addresses and attachments specified above. Neighbours were on the one hand the Dutchmen with the addresses Axim, Butry and Sekondi and on the other hand the English possession Dixcove. The sphere of influence of the Brandenburger remained limited to the direct Attempts to penetrate into the interior failed. Besides the addresses were exposed to constant encroachment of the Dutchmen and hostile trunks. The shipping connections were constantly threatened. Numerous brandenburgische ships were gekapert. The Brandenburger was dependent on co-operation with native "brokers". The most important of these native middlemen was for the Brandenburger a certain January Conny, which took over increasingly control of the hinterland largely Friedrichburgs and enough was powerful to e.g. cause 1710 the joggle it genehmen new governor general de long ones.

Nevertheless the trade with precious metals, slaves and other products developed satisfyingly. After the very good financial year 1686 cure prince Friedrich William could compensate its partners and take over alone control of the African Compagnie. Until approximately 1695 the successful business process continued. Afterwards a gradual fall began, which the new cure prince Friedrich III. (since 1688) could not stop. Without personal relations with navy and colonies as well as by its European claims to power busily, sold Friedrich III. (since 1701 as Friedrich Ith king in Prussia) with the conventions of 1718 and 1720 its African colonies to the Netherlands-westIndian Compagnie. With it ended after approximately 35 years the episode of Brandenburg Prussia as colonial power in Africa. The fortress was already taken over 1718 after the departure of the last Brandenburger by mentioned January Conny, which refused the assumption to the dutchmen and which fortress defended with captured cannons against several substantial attacks of the dutchmen. Only 1724 it had to capitulate and vacate the fortress.

Since 1979 largely Friedrichsburg as well as other European fortresses belongs in the environment to the world cultural heritage of the UNESCO.

List of the "governors" and/or commanders of largely Friedrichsburg

The governors von large Friedrichsburg were called:

1682 - 1683 Philip Peterson Blonck
1683 - 1684 Nathaniel Dillinger
1684 - 1686 Karl Konstantin of Schnitter
1686 - 1691 Johann Niemann
1691 - 1693 Johann Tenhoof
1693 - the 1695 Jakobs Tenhoof
1695 - 1697 Gijsbrecht van Hoogveldt
1697 - 1699 January van Laar
1699 - 1701 January de Visser
1701 - 1704 Adriaan Grobbe
1704 - 1706 Johann
1706 - 1709 Heinrich Lamy
1709 - to 1710 fray de long ones
1710 - 1716 Nicholas Dubois
1716 - 1717 Anton van the Menden
1717 - 1724 January Conny

Literature

Ernst Lewalter: The large cure prince. 1929.
Ulrich van the Heyden: Red eagles on Africa coast. The brandenburgisch Prussian colony Grossfriedrichsburg in west Africa. Berlin: Selignow publishing house 2001, ISBN 3-933889-04-9