Projects are used if tasks cannot be solved in the context of the primary organization satisfying. For the execution of appropriate projects one avails oneself of the project organization, which represents a form of the secondary organization. Here it concerns a structure form, which is furnished parallel to an existing primary organization. They do not intervene therefore in the existing organisational structure. Existing department or range lines keeps their fundamental instruction power. In certain interests - which project articles - the project workers are however additionally subordinated to a Proiektleiter. A project organization leaves itself at its temporal stipulation of a time limit, which recognize clearly defined setting of tasks and the differentiated internal structure in the structure and in the expiration. One differentiates between line, staff and matrix project organization.

The line project organization is characterised, contrary to the other forms by extensive authority of the project manager and the mostly spatial and temporal concentration of the project team. Also it differentiates most strongly between primary and secondary organization. In the structure of the line project organization from all project workers an organizational unit is formed, which stands under the line of a project manager. The project workers are extracted for the execution of the project from the existing organization and summarized spatially. Task of the project manager is it the dates to coordinate costs and the achievement creation process. It is subordinate mostly to a superior and is responsible to this for the execution of the project. The project manager is thus in the position of a Linienvorgesetzten. The project workers are subordinate to it for the extent of the project both disciplinarily and technically.

Thus it comes to a parallel or a secondary organization with a high measure of self-sufficiency. Therefore, and due to the full concentration of the project team on the project it comes to a higher identification of the project workers with the task, which can express itself in a increased readiness for the accomplishment of difficulties. The line project organization makes rapid project-related decision making and a high flexibility possible.

A large danger does not consist only of the fact that within the project the traditional hierarchy with their strengths and weaknesses is reproduced. Also the position of the coworkers, their extent of utilization and the reintegration into the primary organization represent substantial problem fields. Thus coworkers from different departments are turned off for the duration of the project. This means a qualitative and quantitative attenuation for the departments concerned. With the fact the danger exists that the departments try to send those coworkers who are missing in the department to few. It lies particularly in the hand of the client to provide for the correct composition of the project team. During the extent of the project it can come to different extents of utilization of the personnel. Thus no-load operations are on the other hand not on the one hand and overloading impossible in this organization form. Which concerns the back arrangement, then it can be difficult for the project members to turn into the old, often vesteinerten structures back. Tensions arise above all if the project member in the course of the implementation of the project did not represent the interests of department.

Since the line project organization differentiates more strongly than other forms between primary and secondary organization, it requires a high measure of problem consciousness on the part of the line departments. Tendentious critical phases are therefore the establishment and the start as well as the conclusion. During the project however this organization form makes a comparatively high stability possible.

The area of application of the line project organization particularly covers the range of the extensive, long-continuous, difficult and intensive projects. Typical application fields of this organization form are in the equipment construction, the high and foundation engineering and the range research and development. In extreme developments of the line project organization this can become the primary organization on few central sites back urge and even the primary principle of organization. These structures are frequently in research-intensive organizations and enterprises in the lying close, high and foundation engineering.

Literature:

Trained - Zurhausen, Manfred: Organization, 3. Edition, Munich: Publishing house Franz Vahlen GmbH (2002)

Kasper, Helmuth; Heimerl, Peter; Jrgen: Personnel management guidance organization, Vienna: LIME TREE PUBLISHING HOUSE VIENNA total Ltd. (2002)

Green, Oskar: Hand dictionary of the organization (1992)

Articles in category "Line project organization"

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