Martin Lister (* approx. 1638 in Radclive; "† 2 February 1712 in Epsom) was an English scientist and physician. He was nephew of the Sir Matthew Lister, physician for Anne, queen of James Ith, and for Charles I.

He was trained in pc. the John's college in Cambridge, 1655, made a conclusion in 1658/59. It became 1671 member of the royal society. It practiced medicine out in York until 1683, before it moved to London. 1684 it received "„doctor of the medicine to the degrees "“in Oxford, and became 1687 F.R.C.P.

It contributed numerous articles over natural history, medicine and antiques in "„the Philosophical Transactions "“(science journal, given change of the royal society). Its chief work was: Historiae animalium Angliae of tres tractatus (1678); Historiae Conchyliorum (1685, 1692) and Conchyliorum Bivalvium (1696). As a researcher of the bowl soft animals it a high appreciation was shown; but while it recognized the similarity of the fossils to living forms, he regarded it as inorganic imitations, which were produced into the stone.

1683 it made for the royal society (Phil. Trans., 1684), a spirit-rich suggestion for a new kind of the maps of the countries, in connection with tables the sand and the loam, as they were found main in the northern parts by England. In this essay he suggested the preparation of a soil or a mineral diagram of the country. Thereby the right is attributed to him which recognized first to be, the importance of a geological investigation. It died in Epsom on 2 February 1712.

After it the kind Listera in the family of the Orchideen (Orchidaceae) was designated.

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