In the following the article represents the situation in Germany. For the differently stored situation in Austria see police Kriminalstatistik (Austria). For the differently stored situation of Switzerland see police Kriminalstatistik (Switzerland).

Emergence

The data are passed on by the investigators of the police either by a data sheet or by direct input into a data mask of the work terminal to the computing centres of the state criminal police agencies. There partly monthly, in particular table evaluations are made however annually on the basis quota figurs, which are assigned to certain criminal offences. The tabular data are passed on to the Federal Criminal Investigation Office. The police Kriminalstatistik is introduced annually by the Ministers of the Interior of the countries (of at the beginning of of February to in the middle of May) and in May then by the Federal Minister of the Interior the country wide PKS.

For the first time the PKS was published 1953; while the Reichskriminalstatistik proved above all data over condemned one, the PKS was based on purely police data. 1959 was separated the Staatsschutzdelikte from the PKS. They are proven since then in separated the police Kriminalstatistik Staatsschutz put on (PKS-S), which are not made public however as classified material. In the year 1963 the motoring offences, which constitute a not insignificant part of the criminality, were removed from the PKS.

1971 were introduced the electronic processing of the data. The crimes got a federally uniform key four digit; in the individual countries however broader keys could be assigned. The data were raised uniformly as output statistics. Numerous Erhebungsmerkmale were seized such as damage, age and sex of author and victim.

Since 1984 the counting of the suspects was changed over. If each suspect was always again seized before, if it committed further acts, now the genuine suspect counting method in such a way specified was introduced. If a suspect went within a year under report several times into the same Deliktskategorie with the police into action, it is only once counted. The advantage of this counting method results from the fact that the total number appears completely superelevated to the suspect, if multiple authors are registered.

Since 1993 (total Berlin since 1991) also in the then new Lands of the Federal Republic the police Kriminalstatistik valide is led. The data of the years 1991 and 1992 are not suitable due to the conversions for the representation. The number of the keys rose from 105 (1971) to approximately 400 (2003). However that in the years from 1993 to 1999 substantial distortions in the are present, there the cases of the centers determination place for government and combination criminality (ZERV) is to be considered - in particular the deaths at the German domestic border - into the PKS flowed.

In the future the Lands of the Federal Republic are to announce all single data records to the Federal Bureau of Criminal Investigations under a six-digit Furthermore the range of the seized data is to be substantially expanded. The conversion is planned for 2006/2007.

Force of expression

The force of expression of the police Kriminalstatistik is limited. Only the with the police registered criminality (so-called "“light field"” is taken up - criminality). Thus the police Kriminalstatistik gives only few reference points for the change to the criminality in the Erfassungsbereich. Other factors like the indicator behavior of the population, police control, problems during the statistic collection and changes in the criminal law are factors, which must be considered during the interpretation.

The comparability with other Kriminalstatistiken like the prosecution statistics are nearly impossible. Manipulations at the statistics are mentioned more frequently in the press, are however difficult to prove. Usually manipulative interferences take place on specialist level: In order to varnish the own statistics or to dramatisieren to call in (with the goal, more official), the crimes are not correctly seized; the correction opposite the suspect effected then via the public prosecutor's office, to the police Kriminalstatistik is missing it however. Politically the police Kriminalstatistik has a high value, because she permits apparently statements about the criminality in the Land of the Federal Republic or in the Federal Republic. A high clearing-up ratio shows an effective police work (despite high drop numbers because of collecting procedures), small drop numbers (usually then also smaller clearing-up ratios because of collecting procedures) suggests a successful home policy. The police Kriminalstatistik becomes therefore from some voices of the literature only as "“work proof of the police"”, what she should also only be in the actual sense, designates. Difficulties bring also the allocations to the individual keys, which can be made after the guidelines, as well as further collection rules. The term of the "“acts of violence"” (or: "“Violent crime"”) in the PKS differs clearly from the criminal conceptualness.

Contents

Roughly partitioned the PKS contains information to cases, suspects and victims. Concerning the cases the registered and enlightened cases, the attempts, become the resulted damage, which use of a firearm registers. With the suspects the age, sex, nationality becomes (and if necessary the reason of the stay in Germany) as well as multiple load, the characteristic as a drug consumer, the act committing under influence of alcohol, which registers act location in relationship with the residence of the author. With the victims age and sex as well as (non) the relationship with the author are registered. The quota figurs are assigned in accordance with criminal or kriminologischen characteristics. The prominent 0 the 1 for the criminal offences stands against the sexual self-determination, the 2 for Rohheitsdelikte (thus crimes against the liberty of the person or the physical soundness), for 3 for the thefts without making more difficult circumstances, the 4 for thefts with making more difficult circumstances, the 5 for fraud and the 6 for other crimes of the penal code, the 7 for criminal offences against criminal Nebengesetze for the criminal offences against the life, (like o. the 8 stands for sum keys.

Literature

• Uwe Numbers do not speak for itself. Luchterhand Munich 2004, ISBN 3472060778
• Arnd More geklaut, more robbed, more struck. In: Magazine for Jugendkriminalrecht and juvenile welfare service 2003, P. 178-182
• Werner seat-back: The limited force of expression of the police Kriminalstatistik. In: Humanisti union registered association (Hrsg.): Internal security as danger. Berlin 2003, P. 110-124, ISBN 3-930416-23-9

Related links

• Police Kriminalstatistiken of the Federal Republic of Germany 2004 - official offer of the Federal Criminal Investigation Office
• Foreigner and the PKS - authentic article to the so-called foreigner criminality

Articles in category "Police Kriminalstatistik (Germany)"

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