Pressekodex / Restaurant economics

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Under the Pressekodex (actually: Journalistic principles) one understands journalistic-ethical basic rules, which the German press advice submitted 1973.

Publishers and journalists agreed the journalistic principles formulated therein by their federations. The Pressekodex has thus the character of a freiwilligen self obligation. The text orients itself at the saying practice of the press advice as important control organ of the media in Germany and at the code of ethics of the international journalist federation. Since 1973 were supplemented several times the Pressekodex. It is concretized by "the guidelines for the journalistic work after the recommendations of the German press advice ".

The Kodex does not apply to broadcast and on-line media.

The Pressekodex

Decided by the German press advice in co-operation with the press federations and Federal President Gustav Heinemann on 12 December 1973 in Bonn presents.

Current version: 2. March 2005

Number 1Die attention for the truth, the keeping and the true instruction of the public are highest requirements of the press.

Number 2Zur publication certain message and information in word and picture are to be examined with the care ordered after the circumstances for its truth content. Their sense may be disfigured nor falsified by treatment, heading or picture inscription neither. Documents must be sense-faithfully shown. Unconfirmed messages, rumors and assumptions are to be made recognizable as such.

Symbol photos must be recognizable as such or make recognizable.

Number message or statements, in particular personal kind, which later prove as wrong, has the publication organ, which brought it to place immediately on his part in appropriate way correctly.

Number 4Bei of the procurement of personal data, messages, information and pictures may not be used unfair methods.

Number 5Die agreed upon privacy is to be protected in principle.

Number 6Jede in the press active person protects the reputation and the reliability of the media as well as the professional secrecy, makes from the right to refuse to give evidence use and does not give to informants without their express agreement not price.

Number 7Die responsibility of the press in relation to the public orders that editorial publications are not affected by private or business interests third or by personal economic interests of the lady journalists and journalists. Publishers and editors repel such attempts and pay attention to a clear separation between editorial text and publications for who-bleached purposes. In March 2006 the guideline 7,4 was supplemented in such a way for the economics and financial market reporting that journalists may not act two weeks before and after reports over shares with these.

Number 8Die press respects the private life and the privacy of humans. Affected however the private behavior public interests, then it can be discussed in individual cases in the press. It is to be examined whether by a publication personality rights of indifferent are hurt. The press respects the right to informational self-determination and ensures the editorial data security.

Number 9Es contradicts journalistic behaviour, unfounded statements and accusations, in particular honour-hurting nature to publish.

Number in word and picture, which can hurt the moral or religious feeling of a person's group after form and contents substantially, are not to be agreed upon with the responsibility of the press.

Number 11Die press does without an inadequately sensational representation of force and brutality. The protection of the youth is to be considered in the reporting.

Number 12Niemand may be discriminated against because of its sex, a handicap or its affiliation to a rassischen, ethnical, religious, social or national group.

Number 13Die reporting over preliminary investigations, criminal procedures and other formal procedures must take place freely from prejudices. The press avoids therefore before beginning and during the duration of such a procedure in representation and heading each statement. A suspect may not be put before a judicial judgement as guilty. On decisions of courts is not to be reported without serious justifications before their publication.

Number 14Bei reports on medical topics is to be avoided an inadequately sensational representation, which could arouse unfounded fears or hopes with the reader. Research results, which are in an early stage, should not be locked as or represented almost finally.

Number 15Die acceptance and grant of advantages of each kind, which could be suitable, of impairing the freedom of choice from publishing house and editorship to are incompatibly with the reputation, independence and the task of the press. Who can be captivated for the spreading or suppression of messages, acts dishonorably and occupation-adversely.

Number 16Es corresponds to fair reporting to print by the German press advice publicly expressed in particular in the publication organs concerned.

Beside the official Kodizes some practical rules developed, which distinguish qualified journalism, for example:

A source alone does not result in a message. For a message it needs at least two from each other independent sources.
With conflicts the positions of both sides are to be represented.
A journalist does not make himself own on principle a thing too, not even a good (this Credo is the slogan of the Hanns Joachim of Friedrichs price). A minimum of critical distance from the topic (and the own role) is required also with so-called heart blood topics.

Criticism

Since the sanction for offences against the Pressekodex is a public critics accuse to the press advice, "a toothless tiger "to be. Also the saying practice of the press advice is criticized: Decisions of the press advice, which pleases in not public meeting becomes, were not called of editorships "comprehensibly ". On the other hand the human rights must be protected.