Project environment analysis / Project management

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The project environment analysis (abbreviation PUMA or PUA, also Stakeholderanalyse or project environmental analysis mentioned) is a method of the project management, which identifies all groups of interests concerned ("Stakeholder") of a project. The PUMA sees a project as social system and produces the demarcation of the involved ones in the project surrounding field. Being accomplished at least with the start of a project to be able to set in order to make on the one hand concerning involved one by one it into the project organization merges and over on the other hand measures for critical involved ones. It is the basis for project planning, project marketing and for the risk analysis.

Goals of the project environment analysis

A goal is the collection of all factors of influence of the project:

Factors of influence and basic conditions for the project
Stakeholder and the kind of the interests
Project risks
Imbedding of the project in the enterprise
Chances and risks
Measures for the influence of the project surrounding field
Realizations for the project planning

The project environment analysis shows an overview of all project-concerned (as persons or OE), of them:

Meaning for the project
Attitude to the project
Expectation attitude to the project, and
expectations of the project to/in each case the concerning

Conditions

A goal and scope of the project, as well as the substantial project functionaries must in front admit to be. A project planning is not necessary. The most important participants in the project surrounding field provide the PUMA in a Workshop:

Project team
Representative of the line organization
Customer
Client
etc.

Structure of a PUMA

Identification of all relevant surrounding fields

The identification of all relevant surrounding fields is supported by guidance questions. During the answer the same a list (client, customer, project manager, project team etc.) develops:

Is the project supported by which power and
Which power and energy stand against
Where in the house is the problem or the goal of the project well-known and
Where and how is there change What would be with whom without this
How is the "extended-range weather situation" for the Which trends and taboos are What are the current controversial

Seams of the project

Each meeting the project borders with its surrounding field systems is called traditionally organizational interface. In newer beginnings this is designated better than seam, with which the connecting of the seam is emphasized opposite the separation of a cut.

The penetration of the aims of the project at the seams to other system should as often be replaced as possible by agreements at the overlapping ranges between the systems. The rules cover the regulated delivery and assumption from results defined first and the agreements of clear partners in each group of surrounding fields.

Central issues are:

Which intermediate results are to be
Who hands over which, when, at
Which of the two involved ones informs whom about
Under which conditions will results hand

Portfoliodarstellung (field analysis) and evaluation

If admits surrounding fields and seams are, these are seized and evaluated in a Portfolio diagram:

Persons, groups of interests
Meaning for the project (size of proximity of the circle)
Attitude to the project +, -

The evaluation of the meaning of the individual surrounding fields for the project one can represent by differently large circles and to the proximity to the project by different distances. The proximity or distance to the project can be still emphasized by concentric circles around the project. Central expectations or fears of the respective project surrounding field in relation to the project are represented with +, - or.

It helps to put itself into the position a certain group of interests in order to seize their expectations and fears. For clarifying also the direct contact can be taken up to the concerning. Priority is to be always given to the total view in the case of doubt.

Expectations/fears

The above results are seized in a table and supplemented around two columns:

Expectations/fears to the project
Expectations/fears of the project at person/group of interests

Results

Chance risks Portfolio

In such a way recognized contradictions, conflict potentials and chances can be represented in the chance Riskenportfolio.

Measure table

The past results show the social cross-linking of the project and serve the derivative of strategies and measures concerning the individual surrounding fields. These measures flow into the project planning also.

Further use

In the course of the project progress current variable boundary conditions under observation must remain and accomplish if necessary the PUMA repeated. The project environment analysis is a condition for the risk analysis, since project risks result from the outside usually from disturbances.