A person, who manufactures products of pottery, is called and the place, on whom the works, thus the workshop, (like the handicraft) also as pottery.

Form techniques

In order to form there are different techniques: With the simplest Tonfladen are built up and the transitions are smoothed (structure technology). With the bulge technology thin strands are laminated by clay/tone circularly or in spirals, taken off one above the other with forming with the into fast turn of transferred Tonklumpen with the hands or with templates to a rotationally symmetric container. After forming the predried workpieces are burned and hardened thereby. In addition temperatures from 450"°C to over 1000"°C are necessary. At temperatures below 1000 "°C remain the pottery water-permeable (Terrakotta), over it begin it to glass. Only it determined clay/tone can be so highly burned that they glass; these are particularly clinker clay/tone, stoneware clay/tone and as special product porcelain (kaolin). Around also porous to arrange and also for aesthetic reasons, lowburned are covered frequently with a glaze.

Today are predominantly industrially manufactured above all Gebrauchsgeschirre. The pottery relating to crafts serves in the western cultures more frequently for artistic purposes or than hobby. In the e.g. the Westerwaldes (can baker country), one however still many potteries finds Oberlausitz, the Elsass etc. to which, in which the handicraft is traditionally exercised and maintained. Indigenen peoples however serves the sales of potteries and other arts and crafts than important source of income. In fewer developed countries, in which river in sufficient measure and cheaply is not available, potteries play still an important role for the keeping of food.

History

The earliest European ceramic(s) finds - burned Tonfiguren - originate from the

The first containers in spiral bulge technology from that 8. Millenium v. Chr. in Asia were found. Since that 6. Millenium was used in Anterior Asia the slow-turning At the same time also multicolored ceramic(s) arose and reached in following thousands of years a bloom in Mesopotamien, Iran, small Asia and Greece. By the invention of the fast-turning around 4000 the production of mass-produced goods began.

Glazed ceramic(s) is since that 3. Millenium from Mesopotamien and Egypt admits.

The earliest ceramic(s) finds in Africa originate from the time around 7000 to 5000 v. Chr., in America are finds around 3900 v. Chr. occupied, in Ozeanien around 1600 v. Chr. Some cultures of prehistory are designated, e.g. after their ceramic products. Bell cup culture, volume-ceramic culture.

In the Middle Ages the pottery belonged to the dishonest occupations.

In the modern times the predominant quantity of stoneware is industrially produced. The pottery relating to crafts is operated now rather as arts and crafts and the products for example on and Middle Ages markets for the purchase is offered.

Today the modern pottery with high-quality ceramic(s) work made itself a name also in the applied art. Customs ceramic(s), also ceramic(s) sculptures, reliefs and ceramic(s) decoration are not only offered in the different techniques such as Majolika, fine stoneware, Raku ceramic(s) and smoke fire ceramic(s).

Important Keramiker

• Sotades
• Hedwig Bollhagen
• January Bontjes van Beek
• Otto friendly
• Max Laeuger
• Joakim Frederik Skovgaard
• Dorothea Chabert
• Bernhard Leach
• Otto Lindig
• Walburga
• Lee Babel

Schutzheilige

With the protection of the Radegundis are concerned as Schutzheilige, as well as Simon Petrus and Goar as protection cartridge.

Related links

• in (Hessen)
• Ceramic(s) school land hat
• Staatl. Technical schools for ceramic(s), Grenzhausen
• Milan ceramic(s) with examples for different ceramic techniques]

Articles in category "Pottery"

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