The public administration is part of the carrying out force (executive). Each activity of the state or other carrier of public force, which is to be assigned neither to the legislation nor the iurisdiction, falls into the range of the executive. Strictly speaking by public administration each administrative acting (to administrativeact) is understood, which serves the execution of regulations. Therefore the government activity (Regierungsgewalt) is not part of the administration in the closer sense.

Acting the administration be based on law bases and must take place within the respective administrative authority. The execution of the administration is hierarchically organized; the execution supervision is incumbent on the higher in each case administrative unit (authority) and not a selected committee. Highest authorities are the Ministries, the administrative point are usually a Minister.

According to the tasks of the public administration one differentiates between the interference administration (for example trade interdiction), the achievement administration (for example grant of social welfare assistance) and the planning administration (for example list of a

The action forms of the public administration can be public or under private law. Publicly the administration acts during the sovereignty administration and the simple sovereignty administration in such a way specified, under private law in administrative private law, with the Fiskalverwaltung and the acquisition-economical manipulation.

Carriers of the public administration are the federation, the Lands of the Federal Republic and the municipalities. If the administration is exercised by federation and countries, one speaks of direct public administration, becomes other legal entities (e.g. bodies, institutes or donations of of the public right as well as beliehene (bewidmete) entrepreneurs or craftsmen of private right (for example one dam-gnaw, a chimney sweep master, a or a DEKRA; see Beliehener)) assigned, one speaks of indirect public administration.

See also: Ministerialverwaltung, municipal administration, index right, bureaucracy, specialist, Public management

Characteristics of the public administration

The strict hierarchy leads to an authoritarian structure within the administration. Therefore authorities work often strongly arbeitsteilig and decisions follow firm official routines. The controlling of the administration is not therefore very formal and due to their politically aligned administrative point from the nature to economic goals aligned. The absence of economic principles is also recognizable from the fact that financing is come ralistic organized: Plan sizes are specified not after aspects of cost use, but after a view of expenditure for income. Often budgets are politically negotiated.

In the today's time increasingly as problem a regarded factor is the official incentive system. Since to the coworkers a paying applies to a large extent according to public regulations, achievement-referred incentives are missing in particular to monetary kind. The internal prestige is often based instead of its on department or budget size. In particular the official right is considered as hinderlich to administrative innovations or technical initiatives.

Tasks

Concerning the tasks of the public administration one differentiates between the interference administration (for example trade interdiction), the achievement administration (for example grant of social welfare assistance) and the planning administration (for example list of a The way of the achievement contribution is exemplary regulated on federal level in the administrative proceedings law.

Action forms

The action forms of the public administration can be public or under private law. Publicly the administration acts during the sovereignty administration and the simple sovereignty administration in such a way specified, under private law in administrative private law, with the Fiskalverwaltung and the acquisition-economical manipulation.

Action forms (after bricklayer, general administrative law)

• public
  • Legal instrument
    • in the external relationship
      • abstract-general
        • Statutory orders
        • Statutes
      • concrete
        • one-sided
          • Acts of administration
          • other legal declarations of intention
        • bilateral
          • Administrative contracts
    • in the interior relationship
      • abstract-general
        • Administrative regulations
      • concrete
        • Single instruction
  • Material document
• under private law

Administrative kinds

The administrative type or the administrative kinds describes functionally the activities of the public administration. The public administration understands itself as "“sum of all mechanisms and organized effect connections, those from the state, the municipalities and the public bodies created of them to the completion of public tasks to be maintained"” (Ellwein). The results of the public administration are called administrative achievement.

In addition one differentiates between:

• Order administration
• Service administration
• managing administration
• Organization administration
• political administration

Articles in category "Public administration"

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Related Websites

We found here 3 related websites.

• American Society for Public Administration (ASPA)
  Promotes professionalism in public administration. Contains information about membership, publications,...


• National Academy of Public Administration
  Nonpartisan organization chartered by Congress to help public organizations improve their effectiveness....


• Public Administration - Journal Information
  Public Administration: journal information, contents lists and abstracts on the Blackwell Publishing website.