By soil estimation one understands the evaluation of the productive capacity and thus the estimation of the value of agricultural properties (plough land or grassland soils). In addition first in the context field and/or grassland estimation framework the productive capacity of property is judged, which alone from the soil and in the case of grassland additionally from the climate results. Afterwards or anticipated payments, those takes place the area characteristic (e.g. Inclination) consider.

History

The soil estimation was also called in former times "“Bonitierung"” At that time strictly after the field parts of the real estate property land register one proceeded. Each plot (today: Field part) became individually estimated. That was a procedure, which was during its introduction already uneconomic and scientifically obsolete. To that extent 1934 the soil estimation law (law over the estimation of the culture soil) and 1935 the implementation instructions came into force to the soil estimation law. The practical work of the appraisers was fundamentally changed.

It became from now on estimated over the property and field part borders away. The surfaces divided in

• Class surfaces
• Class sections
• Special surfaces

Use the estimation/who has the sovereignty over the

The soil estimation results have several use:

• Planning basis for the area planning. Consideration: Which country is replaceable, which is for the receipt
• For the fair remuneration of thunderstorm damage to field and grassland surfaces

Above all however:

• To the fair taxation of the soil! The sovereignty over the soil estimation is not subject therefore to the financial and the land registry!

With respect to the soil estimation one differentiates between that

• Field estimation framework and that
• Grassland estimation framework

The field estimation framework

As the first the country widely best plough land - convenient in the Magdeburger well-known for it - was determined. This soil (black earth) obtained the fixed value 100. At this value all other estimations orient themselves. Pieces of comparison were continued to determine.

Classification of the soil type

For the estimation of the priority of the plough land is the soil type of high importance. One differentiates therefore with respect to the field estimation framework:

• S = sand
• Sl = anlehminger sand
• LS = lehmiger sand
• SL = strongly lehmiger sand
• sL = sandiger loam
• L = loam
• LT = heavy loam
• T = clay/tone
• Mo = moorland

Classification of the kind of developing

The understructures further subdivided into their possible developing resulting, effectuation from the mechanical forces, which can naturally move the soil, i.e. ice, wind and water:

• Aluminium = alluvium (washing land soil)
• = (pleistoz¤ne, deposit; "“Wind soil"”)
• D = Diluvium (ice-age or Tertiary period soil)
• V = residual soil
• VG = gesteinshaltiger residual soil
• Dg = gesteinshaltiger Diluvialboden
• Alg= of gesteinshaltiger Alluvialboden

Classification of the condition stage

And this soil type can have depending upon geography (situation) a different kind of condition concerning the soil development also still according to condition stages is to that extent differentiated:

1 gradual transition of the humus-rich Krume to the underground (highest quality) bis7 sharp border between Krume and underground (smallest quality)

Result: Soil class for field

The three so far determined parameters (soil type, condition stage and kind of developing) result in the soil class. It represents a measure for the general ground condition. Bspw.: L 4 V 63/58 (loam, condition stage 4, residual soil, Bodenzahl 63, field number of 58)

The grassland estimation framework

The country widely best soil was determined also here. This got the value 88. The output rock is for the productive capacity of grassland soils of small importance and therefore with the estimation framework for the grassland is not considered. On the other hand enter average air temperature and the water availability and/or soil ventilation evaluation, since these factors affect the productive capacity of grassland strongly.

Classification of the soil type

For the grassland soil the ground condition plays a not completely as important role as during the field estimation. To that extent one differentiates between here also only 5 groups of soil types:

• S = sand
• LS = lehmiger sand
• L = loam
• T = clay/tone
• Mo = moorland

Classification of the condition stage

Far three soil stages. They are enough of:

I. No sharp demarcation of the humus-rich upper BodenschichtenII. Krume little humus rich iii. sharp demarcation of the upper Bodenschichten, little humus.

Classification of the climate

The average yearly warmth is among other things determining for a healthy stature of the grasses. One differentiates here three Klimastufen, related to the average yearly warmth:

A = 8"°C and over it (favorable Klimastufe)

b = 7"°C to 7,9"°C (middle Klimastufe)

C = 5,7"°C to 6,9"°C (unfavorable Klimastufe)

D = 5,6"°C and among them (particularly unfavorable Klimastufe)

Klassifzierung of water conditions

A healthy green stature needs much water, therefore its availability is into important control criterion with grassland.

One differentiates:

1. blows, healthy situation with good Zwischenstufe3. moistens situation, but still no accumulating wetness; less good grasses with only small portion of bad sour grasses. Far no dry Lage.4. Zwischenstufe5. worst stage. It covers

• wet up to swampy situations with predominantly sour grasses and
• very dry, dry layers (south slopes) with less good, hard grasses

Result: Soil class for grassland

With the definition of the ground condition by the above 4 parameters again classes were formed. Bspw.: LS II b 2 46/44 (Lehmiger sand, soil stage II, Klimastufe b, water conditions 2, grassland basic figure 46, grassland number of 44)

The statement of the productive capacity of the soil

Both by the field, and by the grassland estimation framework now classes were formed. These give, as mentioned, information over the general Bodenbeschaffenheit.In the respective estimation framework can now on the basis a table one s.g. value payment breakdown be read off. That is called so much, how: "“With above ground condition, this soil is thus in the comparison to the value 100 (and/or 88) approx. so much worth. "“The estimation frameworks give then bspw. the following forwards: L 5 D --> 50 - 57L II b 3 --> 41 - one of these numbers in the span can decide the appraiser then. We proceed times in both cases from the most favorable case. It results thus the following: The appraiser finds the fact that the surfaces related to which ground condition, which can be estimated, is ideal. L 5 D 57 = BodenzahlL II b 3 49 = grassland basic figure

On the determined values now individual up or anticipated payments can be defined. This can arise for example as a result of it that a field is purely scientifically seen perhaps very yieldable, however due to its area forming out (e.g. Hanglage or lowering with pilot water) badly to manage is, which can naturally reduce the total yield. To that extent one continues to differentiate: 1) L 5 D 57/55 --> Ackerzahl2) L II b 3 - 49/45 --> grassland number

Result

As result we have the Klassenzeichen, as well as with field the value numbers of "“Bodenzahl"” and "“field number"” and/or with creating country the value numbers of "“grassland basic figure"” and "“grassland number"”. The Klassenzeichen serve the marking of the ground condition. Value numbers mark the productive capacity of a soil.

The results of the soil estimation are seized in estimation (ur) maps. These are basis for the assumption of the soil estimation into the real estate property land register, here into Liegenschaftsbuch.Das Liegenschaftsbuch prove to each estimated field part the estimation results including field and/or grassland number and yield measured data.

The yield measured data

This is determined as follows: Surface for those the field number applies for x field number = the yield measured data in A (100m the real estate tax is raised. This is computed by means of "€ per unit (EMZ). One notes however that it concerns with the EMZ only around a comparative figure and not a real value! Example: Area: 2000 m field number: 32--> EMZ: 640Das is called thus, 2000 m plough land of the priority 32 devoted therefore just as large yield as 640 m the priority 100.

Articles in category "Soil estimation"

We found here 20 articles.