The Speierling (Sorbus domestica L.) is a game fruit tree from the family of the rose plants (Rosaceae). The Speierling became in Germany very rarely, it gives only few copies in nature. For this reason the Speierling was selected 1993 to the tree of the yearly.

In Hessen there are about 400-500 the 80 years or is older. For example there are 47 old in Kronberg in the Taunus and over 100 young Speierlinge.

Morphology and spreading

The Speierling is 10-20 m a high Type it can in the forest maximum heights of over 30 m and as a single tree diameter over 100 cm achieve. In Central Europe the maximum age amounts to 150 years (in the mediterranen climate until 300 years). The Speierling has a smallflaky, grey-brown bark and possesses up to 25 cm long From the blooms in May 2-4 cm large pear to fruits develop in September/October. They are spread by birds and mammals. The Speierling is a submediterrane kind and occurs in Germany in summer-warm and dry oak shark Buchwald and Flaumeichen Forest. Particularly in the southwest, in the Rhine, Mosel and close valley, in the Taunus and in Lower Franconia. Main circulation area is from east Spain over France, Italy, the Balkans up to the Krim and small Asia and northwest Africa. Speierlinge increase in nature only rarely generativ by seeds. The vegetative Vermehrung by root brood outweighs.

Use

In the Middle Ages the Speierling was an important culture wood. The fruits are however only in the overripe condition edible. To make caused sometimes the juice of the fruits in small quantities (1 to 3%) instead of sulfur the apple wine around this durable. The solid tires of fruits played a role in the people medicine, because of their Gerbstoffgehaltes, as house medicine against failure, Ruhr and vomiting (of it the tree has its name). Today they are converted to mash, jams and to Speierlingsbrand.

The game fruit is used unreif primarily as addition for the apple wine (0,1 2%). The gekelterte Speierlingssaft intensifies and/or extends by its high Gerbstoffgehalt the of the apple wine. Thus the apple wine harsh, becomes more durable and unmistakable clear, in the taste.

The Speierling possesses a dark-brown, heavy and hard wood. As valuable furniture and veneer wood are used, for carving and Drechseln.

Literature

• Wedig Kausch Blecken of Schmeling: The Speierling. 184 S., Bovenden, 2000, see also: http://www.corminaria.de

Related links

• Photo
• Entry German nature protection federation
• Project promotion of rare tree species (SEBA, ETH Zurich):
  • pdf instruction card with spreading map Switzerland and Europe
  • Kind recognition - at first sight easy a bird berry
• Magazine Corminaria and promotion circle Speierling
• Elsbeeren and Speierlinge - preservation of valuable tree species in North Rhine-Westphalia (pdf file)
• Elsbeeren and Speierlinge in Bavaria
• Measures for the preservation of the Speierlings in Luxembourg
• Rare trees in our forests - recognizing, receiving, use - the Speierling (pdf)
• Resource management and the revival of endangered tree species - an example of the meaning of the theses (diploma) (pdf)
• Entry Floraweb - red one list - status: does not endanger
• Spreading map Germany

Articles in category "Speierling"

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