Victory mouth Albich (lat. Sigismundus Albicus, also Albicus and/or Albich of Prague, Albicus and/or Albich von Neustadt and/or Albik von Unicov, Czech Zikmund z Unicova) (* around 1360 in new city; "† 23 July 1427 in press castle) was a German physician and archbishop of Prague.

Life

The physician and lawyer attained a doctorate in Prague and Padua; "„a particularly educated man and the human course-bent "“, personal physician of the kings, was child of a German family in new city (Unicov). It studied first at the Prager university, put the examinations down to the Baccalaureus (1382) and Magister Artium and 1387 to the doctor of the medicine was attained a doctorate there. 1402-1403 it stopped in Italy, probably some years later began itself it a legal study at the university of Padua (1407 registered) and to the doctor of both rights was attained a doctorate there. 1338 he was a physician king of the Wenzels IV. and its body physician later was appointed. It was ennobled 1400 and accumulated in this time a considerable fortune.

Its ensure-free life changed, when 1411 were vakant by death Zbinkos of hare castle the seat of the archbishop of Prague and on operation Wenzels against some resistance of the chapter Albich to the successor were selected. Albich could be weihen and by the Roman Kurie was confirmed. Its start of the office fell into a stormy time, which by the papal Schisma and the arguments was coined/shaped over the theories of January Hus. Because of its condemnation and Exkommunizierung by Johannes XXIII. it came in the spring 1412 into Prague to unrests. The archbishop tried, however to a large extent unsuccessfully to induce the conflict parties to an agreement. At the end of of 1412 it finally laid down its office, whose follow-up antratt again then with Konrad von Vechta a close advisor and party man Wenzels.

Although Albich could not fulfill hopes, which Wenzel had set into him, obviously, this did not mean a loss of the royal favour nevertheless for him. It became on operation Wenzels rather rehearses by Vy"šehrad and Titularbischof of Caesarea and served the king again as a physician and also as royal chancellors. 1413 it became the chairman of the arbitral tribunal between Hus and Stephan of Palec unberufen. These protested however, since they considered it weak and parteiisch, on which the king proved both parties.

When Hus was executed 1415 on the council of Konstanz with approval of Wenzels brother Sigismund, the conflict between catholics and the Hussiten forming to the resistance was intensified in By its efforts to bring its realm with antihussitische measures the course of the council Wenzel did not only bring the hussitisch gesinnten aristocracy and far parts to the population against itself up, but he lost also the of the Prager university, at which he had provided the nationes by the Kuttenberger decree of 1409 dominance over the foreign nationes, in particular over the Germans. 1419 came it to the rebellion, Wenzel had from Prague to flee and succumbed on 16 August to a heart impact or a epileptischen accumulation. With the plunderings of the Hussiten also Albichs Probstei Vy"šehrad was devastated and its fortune was seized. Albich had to flee from and went to Hungary, first after and then after Buda (furnace) to the yard Sigismunds, where he attained a preferential position again in the future soon and a body physician Sigismunds became.

Works

The writings Albichs are not only due to consilia at its royal patients of historical interest, separate expel it in medicine history as an important physician, who puts the emphasis on the precaution and itself by for its time an unusual interest in the geographical-climatic and environment-conditioned causes of the developing of diseases distinguishes. Three of its works, among them as its most important Regimen written for Wenzel hominis seu Vetularius ("“health rules for humans, or the Quacksalber"”), were printed of Markus Brandis (Brandt), the first printer of Leipzig, 1484 in Leipzig and rank thereby among the oldest weighing jerks of medical literature. About a dozen of further writings -- Regimina, Consilia, plague writings, Mitschriften and compilations, under it also a German-language Puch erezney of more maister albico, are delivered in the handwriting.

Literature

• Bernhard Schnell: Albich of Prague. Physician and archbishop in the age of the Hussiten. In: Bok, Hans Joachim Behr, German literature of the Middle Ages in and over II, Kovac, Hamburg 2004 (= writings to the 2), P. 237-264, ISBN 3830010419
• Milada Dvorni posledn­ch Lucemburku. z Unicova, krlu IVTH A Zikmunda, profesor univerzity A cas i arcibiskup . Univerzita Karlova v Praze Karolinum, Prague 1999, ISBN 807184876X
• Jaroslav Kadlec: Prehled c­rkevn­ch dejin, Bd. 1, Kres academy, 1987; Ndr. Zvon, Katolick NAK LOD., Prague 1991
• J. IV. 1361-1419, Prague 1986
• Jaroslav Kadlec: pra"žskho , Rostock 1971
• Hans Joachim Weitz: Albich of Prague: An investigation of its writings, Diss. Heidelberg, 1970
• Emil Schult-hot: Contribution for the plague literature of the late Middle Ages. In: Centaurus 2 (1961), P. 213-219 (on-line version)
• Emil Schult-hot: Sigismundus Albicus, Regimen hominis seu vetularius. In: New magazine for medical advanced training 11 (1961), P. 846.852
• Emil Schult-hot: A latemedieval medical handwriting fragment. In: Archives for culture history 2 (1960), P. 231-238 (on-line version)
• Emil Schult-hot: Over the works of the Albicus. A contribution to the latemedieval medical handwriting customer. In: Janus 4 (1960), P. 221-234 (on-line version)
• Emil Schult-hot: Bath hygiene and geo medicine in the works of the Albicus. In: Magazine for applied bath and climatic medicine 4 (1960), P. 473-480

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