William Harvey / Physician (17. Jh.)

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William Harvey, (* 1 April 1578 in Folkestone (county Kent; England), " 3. June 1657 in Hampstead (Camden; England)) an English physician and Anatom were and with the discovery of the Blutkreislaufs of the Wegbereiter of the modern physiology.

Life

Origin us training

William Harvey was born as a son of a buyer, learned in his school time in Canterbury classical languages and locked 1597 the study at the university of Cambridge with a Bachelor OF kind. In the consequence it studied medicine at the university of Padua in Italy, the most renowned medical faculty of that time until 1602. There the outstanding surgeon and Anatom Hieronymus Fabricius had not understood the Venenklappen discovered, its meaning however yet, since the then valid views did not permit a cycle of the blood to Galens. Rather one was since 14 centuries of the opinion, which blood constantly produced in the liver and shifted by contraction of the Arterien in motion.

Later life

Back in England opened Harvey a practice and married Elizabeth Browne, the daughter of the body physician of queen Elizabeth I. 1607 Harvey member of the "Royal college OF Physicians", 1608 to the yard of king James Ith destined and after its death 1625 also body physician of its successor Charles I., with it was friendly and that its research generously supported. 1628 it published its 72seitiges work "Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis into Animalibus" or briefly "De Motu Cordis" (anatomical studies of the movement of the heart and the blood), which it to reputation in completely Europe help, it on the other hand also hard criticism of the trailers Galens brought, to which it reacted to 1649 with the publication of its detailed answers. The large mystery, how the blood comes from the Arterien into the Venen, could solve however only after the invention of the microscope the Italian Anatom Marcellus Malpighi with its discovery of the capillaries.

Well 200 years before the first Eizelle of a mammal represented Harvey the opinion, humans was discovered develops from their fertilization by a sperm cell. he formulated 1651 in "Exercitationes de Generatione Animalium" the fundamental theories of the Epigenese. Therein it held the opinion, specialized organs developed from undifferentiated structures, and contradicted thereby up to then the all-side recognized The confirmation of this opinion supplied finally 1796 the German Anatom Kaspar Friedrich Wolff.

At the age of 79 years it succumbed to the consequences of an impact accumulation.

Work

Nearly everything of its handwriting went down either during the civil war or but with the large fire regarding London (1666).

Which differentiated William Harvey from its searching contemporaries, was its clear separation from hypotheses and facts. It accepted results of its research only even if they were confirmed in control attempts. It was thus first, which introduced scientific methods in the area of biology and medicine and can thus as the founders of the modern medicine and physiology are regarded. Its computation of the pumping performance of the heart is the first important application of mathematics to biology. Harveys new realizations opened also the philosophical fight between vitalists and Mechanisten, which pull themselves into the today's time. Also its activity at the "Royal college OF Physicians", where it held since 1615 lectures, was important sections as well as anatomical demonstrations accomplished, its theses over the Blutkreislauf for approximately 1618 represented and thereby before the publication of its opinions of the criticism placed themselves.